Abstract: With rapid advancement of information technology, data has become a precious asset in information society．Importance of data security is becoming increasingly conspicuous．To ensure data security, it is necessary to reinforce security management and employ effective technical safeguards to guarantee security throughout data entire lifecycle, including acquisition, transmission, storage, utilization, sharing, and destruction．Based on current status of data security, vulnerabilities and prevalent risk points in smart agricultural systems have been examined．A data security risk assessment has been conducted on Beijing facilities agriculture industry smart supervision and service system construction and application．Potential risks associated with data security and implementing targeted security measures have been analyzed to enable early warning and prevention of various data security risks, optimize resource allocation, enhance system's data security capabilities, and effectively avert security incidents such as data leakages and data misuse．