Abstract: In order to provide technology support for controlling heavy metal pollution in the environment-plant-human system， source identification and transfer route of heavy metal pollution in China were reviewed in this study.Focused on all kinds of China′s present problems which were caused by environmental heavy metal pollution，the heavy metal pollution source in atmosphere，soil plant，and human body were discussed，as well as the transfer route of heavy metal from environment to human body.Finally，the developing prospective of controlling heavy metal in environment was also reviewed.The situation of heavy metal pollution in China is more and more serious in the future.The source identification and apportionment technique，such as isotope ratios fingerprint technique played a very important role in pollution source identification.Technology of source identification and apportionment of heavy metal pollution and its transfer route were need to research as soon as possible.