Abstract: According to the statistics of total grain output in Zhejiang province from 1995 to 2012，six indexes，such as grain planting area，chemical fertilizer rate，application amount of pesticides，effective irrigation area，agricultural machinery gross power and agricultural labors were chosen as influencing factors for total grain output.Correlation between six indexes and total grain output was analyzed by using gray relation methed.Results indicated that relevancy order of which had an impact on the total grain output was agricultural labors 0.862 9，grain planting area 0.858 8，chemical fertilizer rate 0.796，application amount of pesticides 0.680 7，effective irrigation area 0.597 3 and agricultural machinery gross power 0.553.Consequently，enlarge planting area and increase agricultural machinery for agricultural labors are the most important measures to realize sustainable development of grain output in Zhejiang province.