Abstract: Traditional sewage disposal mode of end-of-pipe technology not only wastes and pollutes water resources，but also prevents recycling and utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus resources.Ecological toilet without water can achieve purpose of ecology and sanitation.Source separation technology and its advantages were introduced，types and characteristics of ecological toilet without water in rural areas were summarized，and its existing problems and application status were analyzed.Development trend of ecological toilet without water in rural areas was prospected.