Abstract: In order to solve serious problem of residual plastic film pollution in cotton fields in Xinjiang，cotton farmers of two typical cotton planting areas were investigated to study behavior of cotton farmers in recycling agricultural plastic film.Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model were used to analyze factors affecting behavior of cotton farmers in recycling agricultural plastic film.Results showed that cotton farmers′ age，education level，frequency of plastic film recycling and cognition of residual film pollution had significant effects on cotton farmers′ behavior of recycling agricultural plastic film.Cognition of residual film pollution of cotton farmers had a great influence on behavior of recycling agricultural plastic film.Therefore，increasing publicity of residual film pollution hazards，establishing a comprehensive management mechanism of agricultural plastic film recycling，is beneficial to improve current situation of cotton residual film pollution in Xinjiang and realize sustainable development of agriculture.