Abstract: Traditional high-intensity soil cultivation has made soil fertility and organic matter content of black land decrease continuously，physical and chemical properties and ecological functions were reduced.It seriously affected food security and sustainable development of agriculture in China.Yixian County of Liaoning Province had carried out a comparative study of three conservation tillage models.Results showed that conservation tillage technology had obvious advantages in reducing soil wind，water erosion，improving soil fertility and increasing crop yield compared with control field without conservation tillage technology.At the same time，existing problems in popularization and application of conservation tillage technology were analyzed，and promotion strategies were put forward.