Development and Test of Orchard Crawler Offset Ditching Fertilizer Applicator
-
摘要:
开沟施肥作业是果园管理的重要环节,针对浙江省丘陵地区果园果树分布密集、地形不平整的情况,研制出一款结构紧凑、爬坡性能好、具备开沟深度调整装置的履带式偏置开沟施肥机。试验结果表明,开沟深度0~300 mm,施肥效率0~6 L/m,空载爬坡角度22°,基本适应缓坡果园果树近距离开沟施肥的作业要求。
Abstract:Ditching and fertilization are important link in orchard management. In view of dense distribution of fruit trees and uneven terrain in orchards in hilly areas of Zhejiang Province, a crawler offset ditching fertilizer applicator with compact structure, good climbing performance and ditching depth adjustment device has been developed. Test results showed that depth of trenching was 0~300 mm, fertilization efficiency was 0~6 L/m, and no-load climbing angle was 22°, which basically met operation requirements of close distance fertilization for fruit trees in gentle slope orchards.
-
Keywords:
- crawler chassis /
- ditching device /
- fertilizer /
- gentle slope orchard /
- orchard mechanization
-
表 1 偏置开沟施肥机主要技术参数
Table 1. Main technical parameters of offset ditching fertilizer applicator
指标 参数 牵引动力/kW 6.6 后输出开沟动力/kW 18 空载最大爬坡角度/(°) 20 施肥量/(L•m−1) 0~6 开沟深度/cm 30 表 2 偏置开沟施肥机性能试验结果
Table 2. Performance test results of offset ditching fertilizer applicator
指标 参数 最大空载爬坡角度/(°) 22 最大作业爬坡角度/(°) 12 最大施肥量/(L•m−1) 6 开沟深度/mm 300 -
[1] 付春长.果树秋施基肥应注意的问题[J].西北园艺,2021(10):29-30. [2] 李姝莹,徐国益,于会丽,等.秋施基肥单、双边开沟对葡萄品质的影响[J].果农之友,2021(4):4-5. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-7759.2021.04.002 [3] 徐卫东.葡萄创优栽培新技术辅导系列讲座(四):葡萄园的土、肥、水管理[J].北京农业,2003(2):33. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6966.2003.02.049 [4] 宋月鹏,张紫涵,范国强,等.我国果园开沟施肥机械研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国农机化学报,2019,40(3):7- 12,25.SONG Yuepeng,ZHANG Zihan,FAN Guoqiang,et al.Research current situation and development trend of orchard ditching and fertilizing machine in China[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2019,40(3):7- 12,25. [5] 孙美香,彭泽宏,李俊惠,等.水果产业的发展问题与对策[J].农家参谋,2018(10):6. [6] 常有宏,吕晓兰,蔺经,等.我国果园机械化现状与发展思路[J].中国农机化学报,2013,34(6):21-26. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5553.2013.06.007CHANG Youhong,LV Xiaohan,LIN Jing,et a.Present state and thinking about development of orchard mechanization in China[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2013,34(6):21-26. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5553.2013.06.007 [7] 刘双喜,徐春保,张宏建,等.果园开沟施肥机机架优化设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2020,51(S1):113-122. doi: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S1.013LIU Shuangxi,XU Chunbao,ZHANG Hongjian,et al.Optimization design and experiment for rack of orchard ditching-fertilizer machine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(S1):113-122. doi: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S1.013 [8] 刘大为,谢方平,叶强,等.1K-50型果园开沟机开沟部件功耗影响因素分析与试验[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(18):19-28. doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.18.003LIU Dawei,XIE Fangping,YE Qiang,et al.Analysis and experiment on influencing factors on power of ditching parts for 1K-50 orchard ditching[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2019,35(18):19-28. doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.18.003 [9] 袁全春,徐丽明,牛丛,等.果园有机肥深施机分层变量排肥控制系统设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2020,51(S1):195-202. doi: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S1.022YUAN Quanchun,XU Liming,NIU Cong,et al.Design and test of layered variable rate fertilizer discharge control system for organic fertilizer deep applicator[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(S1):195-202. doi: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S1.022 [10] 张昊,樊桂菊,王永振.果园机械底盘发展现状与趋势分析[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(10):121-125.ZHANG Hao,FAN Guiju,WANG Yongzhen.Analysis on the present situation and tendency of orchard mechanical chassis development[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(10):121-125. [11] 夏瑞花,吴董军,蒙贺伟.2FPG-40型葡萄开沟施肥机的设计与试验[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(12):36-40. doi: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2018.12.06XIA Ruihua,WU Dongjun,MENG Hewei.Design and experiment of 2FPG-40 grape ditching fertilizer combined machine[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(12):36-40. doi: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2018.12.06 [12] 杨春梅,杨博,马岩,等.林间履带式多功能底盘的设计与分析[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(8): 3710- 3712. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2013.08.151YANG Chunmei,YANG Bo,MA Yan,et al.Design and analysis of forest multifunctional chassis crawler[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2013,41(8): 3710- 3712. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2013.08.151 [13] 王向阳,吴雪璐,刘晓丽,等.果园有机肥开沟施肥机液压系统设计与仿真[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(11):22- 27,33.WANG Xiangyang,WU Xuelu,LIU Xiaoli,et al.Design and simulation of hydraulic system for the orchard organic fertilizer ditching and fertilizing machine[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(11):22- 27,33. [14] 王学良,范国强,李强,等.大型履带式远程遥控圆盘开沟机的设计与试验[J].中国农机化学报,2019,40(4):19- 24,30. doi: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2019.04.04WANG Xueliang,FAN Guoqiang,LI Qiang,et al.Development and test of large crawler type remote central disc ditcher[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2019,40(4):19- 24,30. doi: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2019.04.04