Abstract: Relativity between Landsat 8 OLI surface reflectance and ground-measured data of soil organic matter（SOM）content in Jiangjin district of Chongqing was analyzed，then a retrieval model for SOM content was built based on multi-regression analysis method，finally SOM content of study area was estimated by using retrieval model.Results showed that Landsat 8 reflectance of site was negatively correlated with organic content of soil，and bilateral significant test were less than 0.01，and a maximal correlation coefficient appeared in 6th waveband，which was-0.840.In addition，retrieval result of SOM content based on reflectance of band 4，5，6 and 7 showed better performance，with a R2 of 0.741.Map of SOM content showed an irregular spatial patch distribution in study area，where southern and northern edges of study area had bigger value，and organic content of soil in shallow hilly terrace along river and central deep hilly valley was mainly between 10～30 g/kg.