农业工程

2011, 1(1): 1-1.

Abstract(477) [PDF 1993KB](6)

Abstract:

Strengthen the Scientific Researches on Plant Life Activities and Promote the Developmental Progress of Modern Agriculture

Shen Yungang, Cheng Jianfeng

2011, 1(1): 2-7.

Abstract(1519) [PDF 2535KB](39)

Abstract:
“Three agricultural problems” including the countryside problem, agriculture problem, peasant problem and their creative social problems involved in more extensive ranges and need many disciplines to jointly promote their developments. On the basis of conference reports and discussions in recent years, combined with authors’ professional and practice, we briefly outlined the relation of the scientific researches on plant life activities and modern agriculture,and its development trend to provide some beneficial thoughts and suggestions for promoting the developmental progress of modern agriculture.

Consideration for Some Problems about Large System Control in Intelligent Agriculture (IA)

Chen Yifei, Du Shangfeng

2011, 1(1): 8-13.

Abstract(1333) [PDF 2391KB](19)

Abstract:
The words of “Intelligent Agriculture(IA)” described basing on feedback control theory is attractive concept[1]. With the concept, the agriculture field can be designed one close large system, and all of intelligent technologies combination artificial intelligent(AI),automation and operational research can be used in, and whole agriculture system can be realized to intelligentize with advanced detecting technology and network technology etc. According to the meaning of IA, that dissertating and development of IA is belong to complexity system control scale. In this paper, the describing for IA is discussed and consummated, and some questions about IA system, such as the application of AI and automation, complexity large system analysis and modeling, system control goals etc. are analysed. By the way, some research objects and serious problems in IA are presented in this paper too.

Agricultural Mechanization Is the Subsystem of Agricultural Giant System

Yao Jianfu

2011, 1(1): 14-15.

Abstract(1314) [PDF 758KB](6)

Abstract:
In this paper, we proposed that the development of agricultural mechanization is the objective development process,the agricultural mechanization is not only a process of technology development, but also invovled the development process of economic,society and culture. We must make industrial modernization,technological modernization and the human modernization in the coordinate development. The article also analyzed the systematic and selective of modernization of agriculture,and raised that we should combine the conditions of agronomy, agricultural machinery, nature, resources and environment to develop modern agriculture.

Optimization Experiment on Assembly Multi-finger Intra-row Weeding Mechanism

Han Bao, Wu Wenfu, Li Xing

2011, 1(1): 16-19.

Abstract(1833) [PDF 1305KB](22)

Abstract:
An intra-row weeding mechanism was designed. To optimum the design and confirm the optimal combination of the key parameters of the mechanism which is one part of cultivators, the experimental date was processed by orthogonal test method, the effect degree of working parameters of the weeding unit on intra-row weeding rate and its injuring seedling rate was determined，through range analysis, and the best operational parameters combination was discovered. The experiment result indicated that the number of weeding tines and revolving speed of the comb disc had significantly effect on the performances of the weeding unit. According to the analysis, the best scheme was: the number of weeding tines 6, and revolving speed 180 r/min, space between the tines 50 mm, work velocity 2.3 m/s. Under such working conditions, the injury seedling rate and weeding rate were 2.74% ,87.6% respectively. The study can provide theoretical basis for the design of reliable intra-row weeding mechanism.

Performance Experiments of Model 9YDF-90 Big Baler

Chen Feng, Yang Juntai, Yan Xiaohui, Chen Yuefeng, Ding Xueyi, Yin Lingyu

2011, 1(1): 20-22.

Abstract(1837) [PDF 1088KB](33)

Abstract:
Straw is a good clean bio-resource in our country，and baled havesting of straws is a effective way to solve the problem of straws lack for the large-scale use. A new machine Model 9YDF-90 big baler was developed to meet the need of straw collection. And, performance experiments showed that the porperties such as rate of finished bale, rate of good bale and bale density of Model 9YDF-90 big baler can meet the need of baler standard. Furthermore, the relationship between bale density and compressing force of hydraulic system was linear, and the correlative coefficient was high.

Faults Diagnosis and Maintenance of the High Pressure Common Rail Injection System in Diesel Engines BOSCH

Guo Fuxin

2011, 1(1): 23-25.

Abstract(1476) [PDF 1069KB](23)

Abstract:
According to the BOSCH common rail diesel injection system, this paper mainly discussed the maintenance of BOSCH common rail system and the closely related control strategy from the rail pressure, injection timing and fuel injection quantity aspects. Based on the control process and strategy, we proposed the maintenance ideas and detection of BOSCH common rail system failure.

Analysis of the Need of Agricultural Machinery and Equipment Realizing Agricultural Mechanization In Hubei Counties

Ming daolin

2011, 1(1): 26-31.

Abstract(1624) [PDF 1862KB](27)

Abstract:
It is the premise to realize the structure optimization of agricultural machinery and equipment by analyzing the need of crops through all production processes. Based on making a comparative analysis of the need and the ownership for combine harvester, tillage machine and rice transplanting machine required by major food crops in the counties of Hubei Province ,it will provide the basis for transfering purchase of Agricultural Machinery Subsidy to the weak link in agricultural machinery and equipment. It will improve the level of agricultural mechanization in the weak link of agricultural production, and promote the quality of agricultural mechanization development of Hubei province.

Design of Entrance Guard and Pen of Intelligent Concentrate Feeding Mechanism for Dairy Cow

Song Zhanhua, Zhang Shifu, Yan Yinfa, Wang Ranran, Li Fade

2011, 1(1): 32-36.

Abstract(1457) [PDF 1718KB](29)

Abstract:
In order to prevent the feeding cow being disturbed by butting of other cows during the time they are in a concentrate self-feeder, an equipment of entrance guard and pen which can identify the dairy cow with the RFID was developed. The equipment can detect the dairy cow location and automatically control the railing of the entrance guard work. The reading distance of the RFID reading system was 52.3 cm, the time to open the railing of the entrance guard was 3.92 s. It can make the dairy cows cozily feed concentrates and be satisfied with the welfare demands of feeding. Moreover, the equipment can improve the concentrates use efficiency.

Based on Wireless Sensor Network Digital Information Acquisition and Orchard Management System

Yang Aijie, Shen Yanxin, Jin Danna, Wang Mei, Zhang Wei, Lu Jianzhong, He Yong

2011, 1(1): 37-41.

Abstract(1363) [PDF 1893KB](9)

Abstract:
To realize fertilization and remote management, irrigating timely and moderately , by grasp the soil moisture, environmental temperature, humidity and lighting conditions fully，orchard digital information collection and management system was designed based on wireless sensor network technology, combined with GPS positioning (used for WSN anchor node location). The system can collect orchard micro meteorological information (including soil moisture, environmental temperature, humidity and illumination, etc) with the support of wireless sensor network, and determine the position of minority anchor node with GPS first, then calculate the relative position of unknown nodes according to the anchor node, so as to determine the location information of all nodes. The information collected can be sent into ES (expert system) directly after converting. And the decision-making information including precise irrigation and environmental control Suggestions, etc) is provided to users with the decision-making figure form in order to realize the orchard digital management of visualization and facilitation.

Design of Automated Rice Germination Management System

Hou Ruifeng, Wang Cheng, Gao Quan, Chen Quan

2011, 1(1): 42-45.

Abstract(1739) [PDF 1408KB](24)

Abstract:
This paper presents an automated rice germination management system based on the distributed network. And a large rice seed container and water circulation system have been developed. By integrating the temperature, level, pressure sensors and HMI Human Machine Interface, a rice germination management system which include data acquisition, automatic control, and information distribution system have been finished. This system can control the water temperature, circulation and spray at the different growth stages of rice seed. After application of the technology, the budding rate of rice exceed 95% and the growth of rice shoots are very neat and robust.

Research and Application on a Nutrient Recycle Equipment

Li Dongxing, Tian Zhen, Wang Junfeng, Zhou Zengchan, Zhuo Jieqiang, Dong Wei

2011, 1(1): 46-51.

Abstract(1814) [PDF 2444KB](24)

Abstract:
The plant grow up mainly rely on nutrient liquid in plant factory, but in the long-term use of nutrients in the process can cause many harmful effects of miscellaneous bacterium, crop quality and production. At present, the Netherlands and other countries have common used ultraviolet disinfection, and of nutrient for automated equipment, while China used more chemical pesticide to disinfection. In view of the above situation, we developed a nutrient recycle equipment, not only realize the efficiency and security nutrients, but also realized automatic and intelligent management of disinfection of nutrient composition.

Research on Waste Treatment Status and Development of Facilities Agriculture in Tianjin

Song Ying, Chen Fang

2011, 1(1): 52-55.

Abstract(1308) [PDF 1628KB](24)

Abstract:
We put forward for technology models for waste harmless treatment of facilities agricultural vegetable planting and solidified fuels of facilities agricultural waste mushroom rod, through researching on background, status and developmental overview of facilities agricultural production waste treatment in Tianjin. In terms of current issues regarding immature treatment technology of facilities agricultural waste, narrow application, a larger initial investment, low economic efficiency, we propose to enlarge researching and developing, testing, demonstration, extension of the key technologies and equipment, and to develop rational agriculture waste utilization mechanism.

Progress of Near-infrared Spectral Data Modeling Method

Wang Fenghua, Zhu Hailong, Ge Zhenyang

2011, 1(1): 56-61.

Abstract(2560) [PDF 2378KB](22)

Abstract:
It is the key step of the Near Infrared Spectral analysis that the chemometrics is applied to the near infrared spectral modeling. With the deep-going research, much more researchers pay attention to the improving of existing algorithms and the application of new methods to the NIR analysis. The data preprocessing, qualitative and quantitative research and modeling optimization methods have been analyzed. In De-noising methods, Wavelet Transform (WT) is the most commonly used and effective tool. Now, wavelength selection method is one of the key study, the main including Genetic Algorithm (GA)，Uninformative Variable Elimination (UVE), Successive Projections Algorithm (SPA) and so on. In terms of modeling, a variety of algorithms has been improved based on Partial Least Squares (PLS), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), which can be optimized the predictive models effectively. However, each algorithm have the advantages at same time with some limitations, also the optimization methods of modeling are different for different types of analytes. So it will be the future research trends that a variety of mathematical methods have been combined and mutual complemented in the practical application.

Study on the Forage Grass Desiccation Technology by Using Solar Energy

Yang Shikun, Du Jianqiang

2011, 1(1): 62-66.

Abstract(1019) [PDF 1826KB](21)

Abstract:
This paper gives the introduction for the forage grass desiccation technology process by using solar energy innovation and its advantages in different views, such as technological theory and equipment as well as the contrast test between the forage grass desiccation technology process by using solar energy and the nature desiccation technology in the field of forage grass, which can solve the exiting problems of flowers and leaves as well as the nutrition loss by using the nature desiccation technology process in the field for forage grass. We do a prospect to the future of the forage grass desiccation technology process and equipment by using solar energy.

Fouling and Corrosion of Electrode by Ohmic Heating in Food Processing

Wang Ranran, Zhu Min, Li Fade

2011, 1(1): 67-71.

Abstract(1787) [PDF 1827KB](17)

Abstract:
Ohmic heating technology for food processing has some advantages such as rapid heating, high efficiency and easy to control, in comparison with traditional heating method. But the electrode fouling and corrosion in the ohmic heating process restricts its application in practice. In this paper, the research status of the electrode fouling and corrosion was reviewed. In addition, the effects of some factors on the electrode fouling and corrosion were summarized. The obstacles of its utilization were discussed and the future work for utilizing this technique were proposed.

Progress on α-Linolenic Acid

Yang Jing, Chang Rui

2011, 1(1): 72-76.

Abstract(1567) [PDF 1819KB](22)

Abstract:
N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake is considered to be have health benefits. α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is only necessary fatty acid of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid. In order to provide a reference for future research, we simply summarized the structure, sources, metabolic pathway, physiological function, and the mainly purification method.

Utilization and Development Strategies of Agricultural Water

Yu Cheng, Yu Na

2011, 1(1): 77-79.

Abstract(1368) [PDF 1063KB](23)

Abstract:
Taking Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces as the research object，this paper analyzes the status of agricultural water resources, the conditions required of the main crops and the constraints of irrigated agriculture .Changing the method of water use, improving water use efficiency, the combination of water-saving irrigation and soil conservation, developing the Integrated technology, construction of modern water-saving agriculture, realization of the sustainable use of water resources, virtuous circle of ecologic environment, social and economic sustainable development finally are the key problem of the strategy of northeast region countermeasure.

Research and Extension of Ebb-and-flow Irrigation System

Zhang Xiaowen, Tian Zhen, Liu Wenxi, Wang Ying

2011, 1(1): 80-83.

Abstract(1932) [PDF 1608KB](20)

Abstract:
Based on the background of serious waste problems of irrigation and fertilization in facility agriculture, and under-developed techniques and equipments, the Ebb-and-flow Irrigation System is developed. By using fluctuation difference theory of liquid surface, through computer control system，to realize precise management and control of water and fertilizer,the system suits to industrialized production of pot plant in hydroponically-grown and container seedlings， and has the characteristic of water saving, fertilization saving, high production efficiency, good crop progress. This method can decrease water quantity 33%, promote water using efficiency 40% compared with pouring irrigation，can also decrease nitrogen fertilizer quantity as well. The system can increase yield and income of farmers in facility agriculture, improve the qualities of flower and seedling, and have prosperous application prospect in China.

Differences and Similarities of the Land Damages

Xu Zhanjun, Zhang Shaoliang, Wang Jing, Liu Aixia, Hu Lu

2011, 1(1): 84-87.

Abstract(1593) [PDF 1619KB](18)

Abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to find the basic theoretical issue of the similarities and differences of the farmland damaged by the earthquake and mining. And this work can help people do the farmland consolidation more successfully. Methods of field survey, literature analysis and comparison were employed in the paper. The study results show that there exist similarities and differences of the farmland damaged by the earthquake and mining in the damage reason, mechanism, scale, type and land consolidation ideas. And the theory and methods of the farmland reclamation in mining area can be very useful for us to do the farmland consolidation in earthquake-stricken area.

Application Analysis of Rural Land Survey Database

Wang Xiaolan, Wang Wenjuan

2011, 1(1): 88-91.

Abstract(1908) [PDF 1560KB](26)

Abstract:
Through the establishment of rural land survey database, has been clear about the rural land use, basic farmland use, land rights belong, etc. Establish the rural land use database, basic farmland database, rural land ownership database, remote sensing image database and classification summary and maps of results.Rural land survey database embodies the land ownership, industry structure, quantity and distribution of land and resources, management and planning to provide important basis and the reference.

Numerical simulation of Autoclave used for preparing biodiesel by supercritical method

Li Yuzhu, Gao Hang, Yu Haiye, Jiang Liewei

2011, 1(1): 91-96.

Abstract(905) [PDF 2185KB](19)

Abstract:
Numerical simulation methods are necessary CAD/CAE tools in moden engineering design. Simulation of existing products can validate the correctness of simulation methods, or found the defect of products. Simulation of existing products before alteration and scale up design could master the information in order to optimize the performance, lower the cost of design and manufacturing. In this paper, ANSYS was employed to analysis the static heat transfer of the wall of autoclave. In this way, we could master the rule of distribution of temperature. Furthermore, transient conduction of heat transfer between the fluid and the wall were simulated, It showed that the heat current layer of the methanol was very thin because of smallness of specific heat. It also showed the difference between water bath and electric heating by simulation of convection. All the work of simulation were aimed at offer basis theories and technology support of developing middle test set.

Design of Pneumatic Precision Seed-metering Device and Analysis of Seeding Process for Rape and wheat

Yang Bo, Liao Qingxi, Li Xu, Zhang Ning

2011, 1(1): 97-101.

Abstract(1409) [PDF 1935KB](27)

Abstract:
In order to improve the utilization of the planter to sow rape and wheat, based on the physical and mechanical properties of rape and wheat, a rape/wheat precision seed-metering device was designed and the main structural parameters of the seeding wheel, seed protection sheet, air chamber and other key components were determined. The dynamic process of seed filling, seed cleaning and seed unloading was analyzed, and the results showed that the limit seed-filling velocity was less than 0.18 m/s and 0.13 m/s ,the seed protecting angles were 0.175 - 0.24 and 0.201 -0.230 , and the air pressure was more than 342Pa and 458Pa for rape and wheat respectively. The bench test results of the precision seed-metering device indicated that the rape/wheat precision seed-metering device could satisfy the agronomic requirements for seeding of rape and wheat.

Stress Research about All kinds of Digger of Potato Harvester Based on Solidworks

Jia Jingxia, Yang Deqiu, Wang Xin wei, Ye Hongyan

2011, 1(1): 102-104.

Abstract(706) [PDF 1471KB](18)

Abstract:
Accord to the problems of large cost and long period during potato harvesting experiments; it adopts Solidworks finite-element analysis function and supposes an ideal model. It set up finite-element model based on installing position, loading is soil. It calculated stress distribution respectively and compared these results. It can get the best structure design and provided theory basis for digger design in future.

Preliminary Analysis of Genetic Structure for Elite Maize Inbred Line Ji 853

Lu Ming, Wang Min, Zhang Hongyan, Zhang Hongwei, Liu Wenguo

2011, 1(1): 105-108.

Abstract(1910) [PDF 1428KB](18)

Abstract:
In this study，we investigated genetic structure of 8 maize inbred line with 59 SSR markers. The results showed that inbred line Ji 853 has most high genetic similarity coefficient（GS=0.71）with inbred line Huang zao si, but has rather genetic difference（GS=0.55）with inbred line Zi 330. There were four types for alleles flow from inbred line Huang zao si and Zi 330 in the genetic background of inbred line ji 853. The proportion of first type loci from both parents was 26.67%. These loci belonged to non-recombinant loci. The second type from inbred line Huang zao si’s alleles was 33.33%. The third type from inbred line Zi 330’s alleles was 11.67%. The forth type that was different from inbred line Huang zao si and inbred line Zi 330’s alleles was 28.33%. The recombinant loci focused on four regions (Bin2.0-Bin2.03, Bin3.02-Bin3.05, Bin5.01-Bin5.04 and Bin8.08). These mutations greatly enriched genetic diversity of inbred line Ji 853. This study proved that second cycle inbred lines is still an important breeding methods in future because of considerable mutations happened in selection of second cycle inbred lines.

Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Absorption, Accumulation by High Yield Summer-sown Corn in Hei Longgang Plain

Cui Guomei, Zhang Xinwen, Liu jun, Zeng Xianwei, Cui Yanhong

2011, 1(1): 109-114.

Abstract(1872) [PDF 1934KB](4)

Abstract:
Taking Zhengdan958,Xianyu335,Jundan 20 as test materials,the experiment studied the N,P2O5,K2O content,absorption,accumulation amounts and equilibrium absorption of the summer-sown corn in the medium-low-yidld areas of Heilongjiang plain.The results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus contents were decreased with the growth stage while the potassium content of maze showed a unimodal curve during,and the maximum was at the node protracted stage.But the N, P2O5 and K2O consumption was increased with growth stage. The rate of nutrient uptake was not in the same way all the time, but changed from one time to another. Usually, the rate was increased fast at early stages, and gradually decreased after reaching their peak.For N, P2O5 and K2O, the uptake rate for N and K2O was higher, and their increase and decrease were both fast while P2O5 was in reverse case. The time for the maximum absorptive rate appeared in the same time-the anthesis, and the bigger is K2O, followed by N, and then by P2O5 . All of their accumulation percentage of N, P2O5 and K2O was achieved 50% in the anthesis. It indicates that to assure enough nutrient is the basis of high yield.

Effect of Different Row Spacing on Canopy Structure of Maize and Light Intensity

Gao Ya’nan, Cui Jinhu

2011, 1(1): 115-117.

Abstract(1345) [PDF 1004KB](19)

Abstract:
Xianyu335 and Jundan8 as materials, four row spacing (70, 65, 60,and 55 cm) were used in this study. We measured leaf area index, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content and soluble protein content in late growth stage. The results showed that: compared with other treatments, LAI, physical activity and photosynthetic rate were higher, and chlorophyll content and soluble protein content were both maintained at high level in 50 and 70 cm row spacing. 70 and 50cm row spacing with a greater potential for photosynthetic production is conducive to high yield than the 65and 60 cm spacing.

Study on High Yield and High Effeciency Fertilization Techniques of Spring Maize

Deng Shuyuan, Wang Hongting, Wang Bin, Shan Jie, Chang Wenji

2011, 1(1): 118-120.

Abstract(1125) [PDF 1192KB](15)

Abstract:
Fertilization is the important measure to ensure the crop yield，this study analyzed the effect of blind investment on yield in regular fertilizer, through field experiments and the comparison of the different effect of regular fertilizer and balanced fertilization. The result showed that the yield of regular fertilization is slightly higher than the balanced fertilization, but the income is significantly less than the balanced fertilization. Comparing to the regular fertilization, the balanced fertilization increased 3662yuan per Ha, net income increased 40.9%. The nutrient uptake of regular fertilization is equal to balanced fertilization of balanced fertilization, which showed that a large number of nutrient left in the soil, and will cause potential ecological risks to ecological environment.

The Analysis of the Insurance Companies’ Positive Role in Health Care Institution Investment to Protect the Health Rights of Peasants

Li Yun

2011, 1(1): 121-125.

Abstract(1441) [PDF 2216KB](9)

Abstract:
China is a large agricultural country, having over 900 million peasants, whose health rights should be paid great attention to. But at present there are several problems of China's New Rural Cooperative Medical System(CMS) ,which can not fully satisfied the health demands of the peasants. The Commercial insurance especially commercial health insurance can serve as a useful complement to the new rural CMS, reducing the heavy burden of medical expenses of peasants. Commercial health insurance companies can directly invest in or hold shares of the rural medical institutions, which can effectively help the peasants to avoid unfairness of medical services, sustain the income increase, improve their living standards, and promote the development of Chinese managed care in rural area. So as to meet the health demands of the peasants much better.

Chain: Value Orientation of Agricultural Machinery Business Model

Ye Hong

2011, 1(1): 126-128.

Abstract(597) [PDF 1141KB](17)

Abstract:
The rapid development of agricultural machinery market impacts on the traditional business model. The leading agricultural machinery circulation pattern of individual dealer in the past, has become increasingly unsuited to the development of agricultural machinery market. Changes in agricultural machinery business model are imperative. Agricultural machinery chain business model, with its strong vitality, is gradually increased as the important model. State, local governments and sectors of society support the development of large-scale agricultural machinery chain. It is the important task of the current agricultural machinery business model innovation.

Variations of Torque and Specific Tilling Energy for Different Rotary Blades

Sirisak Chertkiattipol, Tanya Niyamapa

2011, 1(1): 129-132.

Abstract(1595) [PDF 1154KB](16)

Abstract:
The torque characteristics and the specific tilling energies of three commonly used rotary blades in Thailand, i.e. the Japanese C-shaped blade, the European C-shaped blade and the European L-shaped blade, were studied to develop a suitable rotary blade for seedbed preparation in Thailand. The experiments were carried out in a laboratory soil bin at forward speeds of 0.034, and 0.069 m/s, and rotational speeds of 150, 218, 278 and 348 r/min (or 3.30, 4.79, 6.11 and 7.65 m/s) in sandy loam and clay soils. The results showed that the shape of the rotary blade influenced the torque characteristic and the specific tilling energy. For the Japanese blade, since its lengthwise curved portion tilled the soil first, the increase of tilling torque was less than the other two blades. For both European blades, the curved portion along the length and the tip was the first to impact the soil mass. The cyclic variation in torque could be observed distinctively, especially, for both European blades. The investigations indicated that the specific tilling energy of the Japanese C-shaped blade was the highest while the specific tilling energy of European L-shaped blade was the lowest.

Second Generation Biofuels Research and Development Progress

Lisa Langbehn

2011, 1(1): 131-132.

Abstract(640) [PDF 764KB](19)

Abstract:
This paper analyzed the reason why the second generation fuels developed slowly, specific situation and challenge that in the process of enterprise production on the basis of the report of the USDA .Finally, it reported the current situation of the production in EU.

2011 Vol. 1, No. 1

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