农业工程

Research Progress of Cassava Tuber Harvesting Technology and Machine

WANG Zhidong, ZHOU Junping, YANG Xuejun, LIU Yunqiang, LIU Fangjian

2019, 9(1): 1-8.

Abstract(340) [PDF 2202KB](34)

Abstract:
Advanced cassava mechanization technology was that use mechanical method to dig or pull out roots from soil base on premise of high efficiency and low loss，and to carry out soil removal，transportation，separating roots from stems and root tubers collection.Research progress of cassava harvesting technology，working principle and technical characteristics of various advanced models of cassava harvester in China and other countries were mainly introduced.It should be emphasized that development direction was that strengthenimg basic theoretical research，optimizimg structural parameters and improvimg applicable level of machine，and integratimg agricultural machinery and agronomy in the future.

Exiting Problems and Suggestions on Mechanization of Chinese Medicinal Materials Field Production in Shandong Province

YANG Zhaohui, HE Xiaoning, WANG Dongwei, WANG Jiasheng, LIAN Zhengguo

2019, 9(1): 9-12.

Abstract(491) [PDF 570KB](42)

Abstract:
Under current situation of comprehensive rural rejuvenation，mechanization of production was great important for promoting development of Chinese medicinal material industry.Shandong province was a major province of Chinese medicinal material in China，but some problems such as low mechanization rate，poor integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy，low technology content in exiting equipment，few manufacturers of equipment and difficulties in social service organizing still exited.According to above problems，suggestions were proposed as following：strengthening basic research and related mechanized production operation specification and technical standard construction，developing urgent needing equipment based on integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy，giving full play to advantages of talents in industrial system and extending production chain.

Mobile Steam Soil Physical Sterilization Technology and Equipment

DU Chan, SU Anjin, DU Juan

2019, 9(1): 13-16.

Abstract(356) [PDF 717KB](27)

Abstract:
Development status and development trend of soil sterilization technology at home and abroad were introduced.A new type of mobile steam physical sterilization equipment was developed for problems of sterilizing movement and manpower consumption.The equipment was flexible in movement，convenient in operation and fast in sterilization which greatly reduced sterilization cost and labor intensity of staff.

Design and Experiment of On-Line Measurement Device for Back Fat Thickness Using Ultrasonic

LUO Xuan, GAO Wanlin, ZHANG Quansheng

2019, 9(1): 17-21.

Abstract(225) [PDF 1226KB](30)

Abstract:
In order to realize on-line measurement of pig body back fat thickness，reduce measurement cost，improve measurement accuracy，make up for the shortcomings of traditional measurement methods，and effectively record and use measured data，a low-cost online measurement device was designed by using ultrasonic technology，Bluetooth technology and radio frequency identification technology，which realized fast measurement of pig back fat thickness and can store data online in real time.

Application of Single Chip Microcomputer in Control of Water Saving Irrigation System

XIAN Aman

2019, 9(1): 22-23.

Abstract(363) [PDF 289KB](38)

Abstract:
As a microcomputer system is used in agricultural water-saving irrigation，SCM can adjust the scope，intensity and time of irrigation according to system feedback，and other important factors that affect agricultural production.By studying application of single chip microcomputer in water-saving irrigation system，it plays an important role in guiding further development of water-saving irrigation.

Current Situation and Improvement Measures of Rural Meteorological Disaster Prevention System Construction in Quwo County of Shanxi Province

REN Mei

2019, 9(1): 24-25.

Abstract(330) [PDF 300KB](28)

Abstract:
Taking Quwo county of Shanxi province as an example，construction of meteorological disaster prevention system was studied，with a view to promoting development of China′ s rural meteorological disaster prevention system through research and discussion.

Construction of Photovoltaic Greenhouse Control System Based on Internet of Things

GAO Hongyang

2019, 9(1): 26-28.

Abstract(357) [PDF 585KB](36)

Abstract:
In order to improve working efficiency of greenhouse control system，reduce environmental pollution and energy consumption，a photovoltaic greenhouse control system was designed based on PLC，internet of things and photovoltaic power.Working principles of control system were expounded.

Problems and Countermeasures in Development of Forestry Informatization in China

WANG Hairong

2019, 9(1): 29-31.

Abstract(382) [PDF 468KB](30)

Abstract:
With continuous improvement of China′ s market economic system，construction of forestry informatization has entered a period of rapid development.While achieving certain results，there are still some problems to be solved.Problems existing in construction of forestry informatization in China were carried out，and several countermeasures and suggestions were proposed.

Key Points and Approaches of Sharing Construction of Forestry Document Information Resources

WANG Liheng

2019, 9(1): 32-34.

Abstract(265) [PDF 462KB](29)

Abstract:
Overall goal of construction of China′s forestry document information resources was to follow policy situation of State Forestry Administrationo，adhere to acceleration of process of social informatization，emphasize networking and digitalization of information environment construction，and change inherent mode of traditional construction of new forestry literature resources.Therefore，importance，basic principles and future construction of forestry literature and information resources sharing in China were analyzed around background of network environment construction.

Fecal Storage Mode and Soil Bearing Capacity of Large-scale Pig Farm

JIANG Chenrun, SUN Jingbo, LI Hua, LUO Xing

2019, 9(1): 35-37.

Abstract(288) [PDF 763KB](30)

Abstract:
Contents of dry matter，total nitrogen，total phosphorus and total potassium in upper and lower layers were determined by using water flushing and blister manure as test materials.Variation of content with time was also discussed.Soil carrying capacity of manure water was analyzed，and formula for calculating amount of safe application of manure water and amount of land area needed for nutrient absorption was obtained.Results showed that contents of total nitrogen，total phosphorus and total potassium decreased by 58.38%，84.19% and 47.69% respectively when storage time of feces was 180 days.In the case of low dry matter content，formula can be used to estimate amount of safe application of certain elements in manure and land area needed to absorb nutrients.

Test of Livestock and Poultry House Environment Control and Epidemic Prevention System

WU Xin

2019, 9(1): 38-40.

Abstract(319) [PDF 446KB](37)

Abstract:
To effectively control environmental quality of livestock and poultry houses and purify air，a technical measure for environmental control of livestock and poultry houses was introduced based on anti-epidemic and disease prevention technology of air electric purification.Results showed that dust removal rate of enclosed pig house was 70%，and bacterial rate was maintained at 50%.Electric air purification and epidemic prevention measures could effectively reduce dust and air microorganisms in livestock and poultry environment，control environmental quality of livestock and poultry houses，purify air and achieve purpose of epidemic prevention.This research provides a method of eliminating harmful microorganisms with high application value.

Application of Tree Array Landscape in Modern Gardens

LI Man, FAN Zhe

2019, 9(1): 41-43.

Abstract(336) [PDF 442KB](28)

Abstract:
In creation of modern gardens，tree species selection and planting methods of green plants play an important role in ecological development and environmental improvement.Types of trees and planting methods were discussed，and methods applied to modern garden construction were put forward to beautify environment.

Review on Remediation of Lead Pollution in Soil by Ryegrass

LI Ruijuan, DONG Yutao, ZHANG Shuai

2019, 9(1): 44-46.

Abstract(278) [PDF 386KB](35)

Abstract:
Ryegrass，as a common phytoremediation of heavy metal contamination in soil，has a good research and application prospects.Remediation of lead contamination in soil by ryegrass was discussed from four directed that the induction of chelating agent on lead adsorption by ryegrass，microbial，fertilizer enhanced remediation，combined remediation of multiple heavy metals and other materials with ryegrass.Future development direction of each research direction was pointed out.

Application of Machine Vision in External Quality Detection and Grading of Citrus in China

SUN Rongrong, SONG Jianyu, ZHANG Ming, LI Peng, LYU Qiang

2019, 9(1): 47-51.

Abstract(422) [PDF 718KB](28)

Abstract:
External quality of citrus is one of the most important factors which can influence consumer’s purchase and decide their market value.External quality of citrus is generally evaluated by considering their color，size，shape，as well as the visual defects.Manual detection and grading for external quality are very time-consuming，laborious and subjective.Because of the objective and high degree of automation，traditional machine vision and hyperspectral vision have become a hot spot in the research of external quality testing technology and equipment of fruits and vegetables.Research status，challenges and future development directions of machine vision and hyperspectral vision technology in citrus external quality detection technology and equipment in China were reviewed.

Microemulsion Preparation and Its Application in Food Industry

YAN Shengkun, YANG Jiapeng, WANG Qinhui

2019, 9(1): 52-55.

Abstract(204) [PDF 611KB](26)

Abstract:
Microemulsion is thermodynamically stable mixtures of water and oil，which has been widely used in numerous fields.Preparation of microemulsion was summarized，and its formation and research progress of application of microemulsion were discussed.Some reference was provided for preparation of microemulsion and its application in food industry in the future.

Design of Emergency Protection Project for Traffic Crossing in Centralized Drinking Water Source

WANG Mingming, FANG Kai

2019, 9(1): 56-58.

Abstract(359) [PDF 437KB](30)

Abstract:
Source of centralized drinking water is related to drinking water safety of urban and rural residents.Taking water source of Luoma lake in Suqian city as an example，hidden danger of water quality safety caused by passage of roads around the lake in protected area was analyzed，it was planned to build emergency protection projects such as collision barriers，accident diversion tanks，water collection wells，and emergency pools，in order to minimize the impact.The scheme can be used as a reference for emergency protection design of similar water source in other regions.

Land Organic Reconstruction Technology and Engineering Practice of Desolate Beach：Taking Bailongjian Land Reclamation Project in Huayin City of Shaanxi Prcvince as an Example

HU Yi

2019, 9(1): 59-62.

Abstract(366) [PDF 822KB](25)

Abstract:
Desolate beach is important reserve cultivated land resources in our country.Taking the Bailongjian waste rocky beach land reclamation project in Huayin in Shaanxi province as an example，land engineering technology to reconstruct plough layer and open up new cultivated land resources were utilized，which was of great significance to achieve high-quality development of regional social economy.

Effect of Soil Physical Properties on Mechanical Pulling Process of Carrot

LIU Qiang, TIAN Chong, XU Lingfeng, LV Zhaoqin, LIU Xianxi, SONG Yuepeng, YUN Yingying

2019, 9(1): 63-66.

Abstract(353) [PDF 623KB](29)

Abstract:
Carrot is an important vegetable in our country.The rule on carrot pulling was analyzed to support evelopment of carrot pulling combine harvester.Pulling test on typical carrot of harvest was carried out by the self-developed numerical control test bench of vegetable pulling force.Test data were analyzed using regression to study predicts relationship between soil physical parameters（soil moisture content, hardness, bulk density）and carrot pulling process/force.Results showed that soil hardness and bulk density will decrease with increase of soil moisture when soil moisture was between 20% and 30%.Also mechanical pulling force of carrot decreases,and resistance time of soil on carrot pulling prolongs with increase of soil moisture.

Design and Experiment of Variable Clearance Self-propelled Jujube Harvester

YIN Suzhen, ZHANG Tie, DONG Xiang, RAN Xiaoqin, SUN Xing

2019, 9(1): 67-71.

Abstract(284) [PDF 1428KB](34)

Abstract:
In order to improve harvesting rate of self-propelled jujube harvester，a new type of variable ground-clearance self-propelled jujube harvester was designed in accordance with dwarf and dense planting status of jujube in southern Xinjiang.Structure and working principle of machine were introduced.Variable ground-clearance chassis，flexible picking device，fish-scale flexible diversion mechanism，wind-assisted cleaning and conveying system were developed，which could realize picking，conveying and cleaning of jujube.Relevant experiments were carried out，results showed that jujube harvester worked reliably and stably and its net harvesting rate could reach more than 95% when ground clearance was 0.15 m，which could meet requirements of farmers for harvest of jujube.

Design and Experiment on Chassis Structure for Highland Gap Field Management

SHI Yixin, JIANG Pin, LU Xiangyang, DONG Chengquan, HU Wenwu, LUO Yahui

2019, 9(1): 72-79.

Abstract(364) [PDF 1994KB](24)

Abstract:
With development of agricultural modernization，field management machinery is of great significance to promote stable development of agricultural mechanization in China.Aiming at agronomic requirements of planting crops such as rice，rapeseed and tobacco in southern paddy fields，a field management operation chassis which can be coordinated and adjusted with different crops，different spacing，different periods of crops and different growth heights was designed.Overall structure of gap operation chassis which was suitable for field management function of southern field was determined.Structure design of adjusting mechanisms such as wheel distance，axle distance and ground clearance was carried out，and strength indexes of key components were verified by CAE method.At the same time，the stability and pass ability of operation chassis were analyzed by theoretical calculation method，and performance of whole machine was tested by field and field experiments.Results showed that stability and pass ability of the work chassis meet design requirements.

Improved Design of Automatic Removing Impurities and Sorting Fruit Device With Roller Sieve

LIU Zhiyong, LIU Junxia, HAI Ling, Gu Zheng, WANG Xiaohui

2019, 9(1): 80-82.

Abstract(318) [PDF 629KB](24)

Abstract:
Aimed at the original design of automatic removing impurities and sorting fruit device with roller sieve，3 problems in the testing process were found.The first one is that sieve mesh was made by stainless steel wire mesh，and steel wire was thinner.In actual processing，raw materials would damage the fruit.The second one is that part of steel wire sieve mesh cross was narrow，impurities would be clamped in the operation.In addition，other part of impurities were soft and slender，after working for a long times，impurities would be wound on the screen.It would result in decreased efficiency of removing impurity.The last one is that effect of lower part of screen in operation is used to remove cylindrical nip rollers that carry impurities on screen was poor.Aiming at above problems，parts with existing problems were redesigned.The screen，impurity picker and top structure of screen had been greatly improved.

Full Tutorial System for Cultivation of Top-notch and Innovative Agricultural Talents Based on Reform Practice of Hunan Agricultural University

DAI Qi, GAO Zhiqiang, GUAN Chunyun

2019, 9(1): 83-87.

Abstract(253) [PDF 1035KB](24)

Abstract:
The full tutorial system based on the‘3+X’continuous training mode is implementation strategy of elite education for cultivating top innovative agricultural talents in the period of popularization of higher education.Operation mechanism of full tutorial system was constructed through whole-process consistent tuorial system，multi-dimensional collaborative tutorial responsibility system，peer-to-peer student team system and the‘chief tutor+tutor team system’in the postgraduate training stage.Through expanding resource pool of tutors，strengthening selection and training of tutors，strengthening assessment and incentive of tutors，continuous improvement of full tutorial system could be realized.

Reform of Integrated Experimental Course of Microbial Sewage Treatment Based on‘Internet+Flipping Classroom’

ZHANG Ling, GUO Chengyu, ZHAO Qi

2019, 9(1): 88-91.

Abstract(377) [PDF 604KB](40)

Abstract:
With wide application of internet technology and introduction of‘internet+’concept，combined with teaching concept of‘flipping classroom’，teaching mode of integrated experimental course of microbial sewage treatment based on‘internet+flipping classroom’was put forward.‘Biological Aerated Filter（BAF）Experiment’was taken as an example to carry out innovative teaching design on integrated experimental course of water pollution control engineering for environment specialty in colleges and universities.It mainly include making full use of advantages of‘internet+’，and online courses or teachers to record video audio and animation for students to learn in advance，through use of Blackboard online teaching platform to urge students to complete pre-class video learning，exercises，and learning status evaluation，reasonable teaching activities were organized to enhance experimental teaching effectiveness in classroom.Finally，a questionnaire was designed through instant evaluation system and published to students through QR code or web link to feedback teaching effect of course.‘internet+flipping classroom’ teaching mode made it easy for students to use a computer or cell phone to learn while engaging in online discussions.Through teaching of‘internet+flipping classroom’mode，teaching effect was improved，and enthusiasm and initiative of students were stimulated，that could provide reference for reform of experimental courses in colleges and universities.

Strengthening Practical Teaching of Agricultural Vocational Education to Cultivate Applied Talents

LIU Jianyong

2019, 9(1): 92-94.

Abstract(388) [PDF 396KB](39)

Abstract:
At present，our country has paied more and more attention to agricultural vocational education.Agricultural vocational education is devoted to cultivating agricultural applied talents with high quality and professional skills.In order to realize effective training of agricultural applied talents，effective measures must be taken to strengthen practical teaching of agricultural vocational education.Status and role of practical teaching in agricultural vocational education was briefly described，training focus of Applied Talents in agricultural vocational education were analyzed，and effective measures to strengthen practical teaching in agricultural vocational education were explored，with a view to provided reference for agricultural vocational education.

Thinking on Innovation Education of Agricultural Majors College Student Based on‘Internet+’

YANG Ping

2019, 9(1): 95-97.

Abstract(194) [PDF 432KB](33)

Abstract:
Construction of integrated information education platform combined with‘internet+’is the development trend of education field in China. With help of new concept of‘internet+’，Xi’an International University has realized innovation of independent education for college students in aspect of agricultural entrepreneurship to seek effective breakthroughs in educational system and educational content. Under background of‘internet+’，problems existing in innovative education of agricultural majors and a new mode of innovative education were put forward.

Qilian Sabina Drought-resistance Afforestation Technology

LV Hongguang

2019, 9(1): 98-100.

Abstract(231) [PDF 471KB](30)

Abstract:
Qinghai has high altitude，drought，and severe cold，poor natural conditions，and poor ecological environment.During process of ecological construction and ecological restoration，there are relatively few tree species available for afforestation.Moreover，Qilian Sabina is one of the fine native tree species in afforestation and afforestation in the cold and drought regions of Qinghai province.The tree species has characteristics of strong adaptability，drought resistance，cold resistance，resistance to barrenness，and developed root system.It is the main tree species for artificial afforestation in the mountainous areasand around Qilian mountain，especially the main tree species for afforestation on sunny slopes.Qilian Sabina is a male and female plant.The highest growth of the tree is up to 12 meters.The trunk is straight，the branches are straight and the trunk looks gray，gray-brown.After the cracking，irregular strips form and then fall off.There are thorny leaves and scaly leaves in the leaves.The appearance of the fruit is ovoid or round and the seeds are oval or oblate.In recent years，Huzhu county of Qinghai province relied on the advantages of Qilian Sabina species in the region，had actively carried out drought-resistance afforestation techniques and had made outstanding achievements.The regional ecological environment had further improved，and the forest coverage had further increased.This research mainly discussed Qilian Sabina′s drought-resistance afforestation technology.

Characteristics and Seedling Raising Techniques of Picea crassifolia

MA Minzhong, MA Yuan

2019, 9(1): 101-103.

Abstract(375) [PDF 475KB](23)

Abstract:
To improve planting quality and afforestation efficiency, taking Picea crassifolia as research object，systematic analysis on growth，cultivation process and seedling raising technology of Picea crassifolia was carried out in terms of biological characteristics and growth habits.Specific seedling matrix and management measures were effectively integrated to lay foundation for follow-up planting management.

Effects of Different Factors on Induction Rate of Maize Haploid Breeding

LI Bo, WU Lixing, ZHAO Haitao, ZHONG Xue, LIANG Xiaoyuan, MENG Qingfu, CHEN Fengwei, XIAO Haifeng

2019, 9(1): 104-107.

Abstract(347) [PDF 500KB](29)

Abstract:
Effects of different receptor materials，different inducing lines and different geographical conditions on induction rate of maize haploid breeding were studied.Four different inducing lines were taken as male parents and six kinds of mature maize hybrids were taken as female parents，haploid inductivity of maize was studied in Hainan and Jilin respectively，results showed that induction rate of maize were significantly affected by different receptor materials，different inducing lines and different geographical conditions，induction rate of maize was the highest in Hainan，Xianyu 335 was the receptor material with the highest induction rate，and Jigaoyou 3 was the inducing material with the highest induction rate.

Development Status and Countermeasures of Facility Vegetable Industry in Langfang City

ZHANG Ye

2019, 9(1): 108-109.

Abstract(302) [PDF 345KB](113)

Abstract:
Development status and existing problems of facility vegetable industry in Langfang city were analyzed，and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward.

Creating Smart Agricultural Brand to Promote Development of Efficient and Ecological Agriculture in Dongying City

BA Yongqing

2019, 9(1): 110-114.

Abstract(288) [PDF 812KB](28)

Abstract:
New researches of smart agriculture and urban agriculture were collected systematically to build a smart agricultural brand.Therefore，it was a new agricultural product with new characteristics.It could facilitate development of high-end and comprehensive agriculture and promote Dongying’s agricultural supply-side reform.Smart agricultural band consisted of three online sub-brands：Smart Farm（it can help to attract customers），Smart Kitchen（it can help to sell agricultural products）and Smart Agricultural Products（it can help to advertise）.With advantages of political tendency，technologies and industrial foundation in Dongying，creating a smart agricultural brand was a good method to promote development of efficient and ecological agriculture.

Resource Types and Development of Leisure Agriculture in China

MA Jingzhao

2019, 9(1): 115-117.

Abstract(236) [PDF 474KB](27)

Abstract:
Leisure agriculture culture in suburbs has unique advantages，which is develop relatively late.After a long history of evolution，a variety of rich and distinctive cultural resources have been formed in China.Therefore，effective development can be carried out by analyzing types of resources.Current types of cultural resources were analyzed，and proposed the direction of development and utilization were proposed by discussing examples to illustrate.

Planning and Design of Agricultural Tourism Scenic Spots

LI Yunge

2019, 9(1): 118-119.

Abstract(393) [PDF 321KB](33)

Abstract:
Landscape planning of rural agricultural tourism scenic spot is external guarantee to promote overall development of rural agricultural tourism.High-quality scenic spot planning and design is the image of rural agricultural tourism.It is necessary to optimize planning and design of rural agricultural tourism scenic spots，and combine visual art design with scenic humanistic environment.Combining local culture with modern vision is an important issue to build modern high-quality local tourism brand.

Development of High-tech Agriculture Tourism in Shaanxi Province

LIANG Jing

2019, 9(1): 120-122.

Abstract(388) [PDF 408KB](26)

Abstract:
With constant deepening of reform and opening up in our country，profound changes has taken place in China′s economic development model，integrated development has become an important development trend，it also promotes effective combination of agriculture and tourism.More and more attention has been paid to development of high-tech agricultural tourism，However，there are still some restrictive factors in the development of high-tech agricultural tourism in some places.Taking Shaanxi province as an example，an in-depth study and analysis on development of high-tech agricultural tourism was made.Firstly，important value of development of high-tech agricultural tourism was briefly analyzed，and then restricting factors of development of high-tech agricultural tourism in Shaanxi province were analyzed，and finally some targeted countermeasures on how to promote development of high-tech agricultural tourism in Shaanxi province were put foruard.

Influence of Internet on Agricultural Development in Shaanxi Province

ZHANG Yacui

2019, 9(1): 123-124.

Abstract(304) [PDF 266KB](29)

Abstract:
Based on analysis of documents，internet penetration rate，and the number of million million website domain name were selected as explanatory variable，value added as explanatory variables for regression analysis per capita agriculture. Results showed that popularity rate has a significant impact on agricultural development and has obvious lag effect.

Influence of Change from Business Tax to Value-added Tax for Modern Agricultural Project

PENG Zhimin, LIU Min

2019, 9(1): 125-127.

Abstract(425) [PDF 441KB](34)

Abstract:
As an important reform point of China′s tax policy implementation，the change from business tax to VAT can really reduce pressure of corporate tax burden and promote favorable adjustment of economic structure of enterprises by eliminating duplicate charge for value-added tax and business tax.Practical impacts of changing from business tax to VAT on cost of modern agricultural engineering projects were discussed by using cost control of modern agricultural engineering projects as background，at the same time，a series of countermeasures which could solve impacts of agricultural engineering project cost and realize reasonable control of project cost were put forward.

2019 Vol. 9, No. 1

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