2021 Vol. 11, No. 4

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Development Status and Trend of Plant Protection Machinery Based on Supervision and Random Inspection
2021, 11(4): 11-15.
Abstract(218) [PDF 1092KB](25)
Abstract:
Importance of plant protection machinery and current situation of plant protection machinery industry in Shandong Province were briefly introduced.Results of supervision and random inspection of plant protection machinery in Shandong Province from 2010 to 2019 were systematically analyzed.Combined with product qualification rate，unqualified items and product variety changes，reasons for quality problems of plant protection machinery and industry development trend were analyzed.It is of great significance to improve quality of plant protection machinery.
Development of China's Cattle Breeding Equipment during the 13th Five-Year Plan and Outlook during the 14th Five-Plan
2021, 11(4): 16-19.
Abstract(161) [PDF 6796KB](22)
Abstract:
In recent years，consumption of milk and beef has been increasing year by year，which has promoted continuous expansion of cattle breeding scale in our country.Popularization and intelligent level of cattle breeding machinery and equipment have also been greatly improved，management level of pastures has been strengthened.It has improved quality and level of per unit area yield and reduced number of workers in pasture.Situation of common equipment in pasture was expounded，relevant suggestions for development of cattle equipment in the“14th Five-Year Plan”were put forward according to current scientific and technological development and application level.
Selection and Application of Forage Processing Equipment for Beef Cattle Breeding in Vanuatu
2021, 11(4): 20-24.
Abstract(166) [PDF 9580KB](18)
Abstract:
Combined with domestic forage processing equipment and Vanuatu beef cattle breeding status，Vanuatu forage processing equipment selection and adaptability improvement research were completed.Hammer and power configuration of grass kneader were adjusted to make it possible to process local coconut，coconut shell，palm leaf and yellow bamboo grass in Vanuatu to feed beef cattle，which improved production capacity and breeding skills of Vanuatu beef cattle.
Processing Technology Optimization of Double Disc Furrower for Seeder
2021, 11(4): 25-28.
Abstract(206) [PDF 2064KB](21)
Abstract:
Furrower is an important part that affects performance of seeder.Double disc furrower has good performance in a wide range of operation，but double disc furrower has higher requirements on accuracy of disc shaft angle，which is difficult to be guaranteed by traditional processing technology.In order to solve this problem，an optimized processing technology of double disc furrower was proposed.Optimized processing technology could improve production efficiency and product quality of double disc furrower.
Design of Lifting Platform Control System Based on MCGS
2021, 11(4): 29-34.
Abstract(180) [PDF 5394KB](20)
Abstract:
In order to solve problem of low accuracy of lifting platform control system，design scheme of lifting platform control system was researched based on MCGS.PLC was used to control stepping motor，which could drive lifting platform to move up or down，and lifting distance measurement was determined by infrared distance sensor，main interface and motion parameter setting interface of lifting platform control system were designed to display motion process of lifting platform system，and real time monitoring and precise control were realized.Research of lifting platform control would provide design basis for motion experiment control system and provide new idea for lifting platform design of agricultural machinery.
Optimization Design and Test of GNSS Flat Control System
2021, 11(4): 35-38.
Abstract(196) [PDF 2103KB](23)
Abstract:
Farmland leveling technology can improve quality of farmland irrigation and uniformity of soil minerals，so as to achieve purpose of saving water and increasing production.With establishment and improvement of Global Navigation Satellite System（GNSS），fine formation technology of farmland land based on GNSS has been widely applied.The current use of GNSS positioning data for elevation closed-loop control is likely to cause overshoot of flat ground.A GNSS-based precision leveling electromechanical control system was designed，and a time-controlled hysteresis control algorithm was proposed.By controlling power-on time of solenoid valve，leveling scraper lift could be accurately controlled to reduce overadjustment.Experimental results showed that vibration of flat shovel could be reduced by 15% at low speed and 23% at high speed.At the same time，abrupt transition of flat spade elevation was effectively reduced，which was reduced by 30% at low speed and 8% at high speed.No matter low speed operation or high speed operation，more than 90% points could be guaranteed within±2 cm after completion of operation to meet precision requirements of land leveling.
Construction of Agricultural and Rural Information Management System Based on New Infrastructure
2021, 11(4): 39-43.
Abstract(167) [PDF 855KB](16)
Abstract:
Over the years，the Party and the state attach great importance to modernization of agriculture and rural areas，and put forward rural revitalization strategy.In particular，with acceleration of new infrastructure construction pace in 2020，it will play a great role in promoting governance capacity of agriculture and rural areas and construction of modern system.It is an important direction worthy of thinking and research to study how to accelerate realization of rural revitalization and expand inner circle through information means and establishment of information system，and how to improve government's credibility and people's happiness of life.Using research method of policy study and practice combing，construction of agricultural and rural information system was studied under background of new infrastructure construction.Results showed that: construction of a complete and shareable agricultural and rural data standard system was cornerstone of agricultural and rural information management；to construct a business management system that conforms to local characteristics and can give full play to long-term effect of government management was a necessary means to implement improvement of agricultural and rural governance level and modernization construction；establishing a safe data security system for agricultural and rural informatization was a favorable guarantee to ensure long-term effect mechanism of agricultural and rural informatization.Therefore，construction of agricultural and rural information management system based on new infrastructure must take its own positioning and characteristics as starting point，and construction is in line with current and sustainable information development road.
Research and Development of Potato Seeder Control System to Accelerate Reseeding
2021, 11(4): 44-49.
Abstract(182) [PDF 5558KB](15)
Abstract:
At present，potato sowing is difficult to meet needs of simple，efficient，uniform，accurate and combined sowing operation，missing sowing can not be solved in process of sowing，and potato sowing still rely on manual supplementary sowing.In order to solve these problems，an integrated potato planter was developed based on single-chip microcomputer control.Control principle of seeding and accelerating reseeding was described，and mathematical model between movement path of seeder and seed discharging as well as reseeding was established.Furthermore，related designs were given on main hardware circuit and software flow chart.The designed seeder operated at speed of 2-10 km/h，and plant spacing was set at 300 mm.Results of field experiment showed that: rate of missed seeding was ≤1.24%，average value of plant spacing was 307.5 mm，and coefficient of variation of plant spacing was 2.41%.All indexes met national technical standards of potato seeder，and also met requirement of high efficiency，precision and no manual assistant sowing in process of potato sowing.
Development Status and Application of Smart Agriculture Based on Big Data
2021, 11(4): 50-53.
Abstract(197) [PDF 593KB](31)
Abstract:
Based on analysis of development status of smart agriculture in China，main contents and key technologies of smart agriculture were introduced，framework and data flow of big data platform construction were analyzed，practical application of smart agriculture was summarized，so as to provide reference for future development of smart agriculture in China.
Design and Implementation of Yunnan Agricultural Products Climate Quality Assessment and Traceability System
2021, 11(4): 54-58.
Abstract(185) [PDF 1357KB](21)
Abstract:
This system is combined with climate quality assessment and traceability work，enterprise users inputs relevant traceability information，and meteorological bureau issues climate quality assessment report.The system adopts Spring Cloud framework，uses Java language to develop，and is deployed on Ali Cloud platform.Software company is responsible for later maintenance of system.System administrator，meteorological bureau users and enterprise users are associated with cloud platform of the system.Tracing information of agricultural products and climate characteristic data is only uploaded to the system.However，original data is not uploaded.Therefore，meteorological bureau and enterprise users don't worry about the risk in leakage of the data.The system features intuitive functional interface，good fault tolerance，user-friendly control，rapid browsing response，low maintenance cost and simplicity in promotion and application.
Design and Application of Fresh Air Conditioning Integrated System in Container Plant Factory
2021, 11(4): 59-62.
Abstract(183) [PDF 4323KB](22)
Abstract:
In view of current situation that internal air can not be automatically filtered，temperature and humidity are uneven，and can not meet the most suitable environment for plant production，Beijing Agricultural Machinery Research Institute Co.，Ltd.has designed integrated system of fresh air and air conditioning in container plant factory to solve problem of environmental purification in container plant factory and achieve purpose of high efficiency and energy saving.
Review of Development of Agro-forestry Waste Disposal during the 13th Five-Year Plan of Daxing District in Beijing
2021, 11(4): 63-67.
Abstract(139) [PDF 731KB](18)
Abstract:
During the 13th Five Year Plan period，in response to the national policy of“environmental protection and green development”，combined with policy requirements of banning straw burning and developing ecological agriculture in Beijing，a new comprehensive management mode of block agricultural and forestry waste mechanization was put forward according to current situation of agricultural development in Daxing District.A new efficient way to solve harmless utilization of agro-forestry wastes through mechanical technology was explored，a new way to mechanically treat agro-forestry wastes was carried out.The comprehensive utilization rate of straw reached over 98%，the goal of“improvement of agricultural efficiency，clean of rural areas and benefit of farmers”was achieved at the end of 13th Five-Year Plan period.These achievements provided theoretical support for further improvement of utilization of agro-forestry wastes，and provided many experiences for workers of agriculture，rural areas and farmers.
Harmless Disposal and Resource Utilization Composting Technology of Black and Odorous Water Sediment
2021, 11(4): 68-71.
Abstract(146) [PDF 2099KB](23)
Abstract:
A set of practical technology for harmless disposal and resource utilization of river sediment was developed.The sludge with high water content was dehydrated and mixed with various auxiliary materials and compound bacteria in proportion for stacking fermentation.Finally，it was fully decomposed，which could effectively remove pathogenic microorganisms，Ascaris eggs and other harmful substances，and organic pollutants were fully degraded.Fermentation products and local livestock manure compost products after reasonable ratio and deep processing can be used in landscaping，flower planting，mine restoration and other fields to realize harmless disposal and resource utilization of sediment.
Status Quo of Rice Bran Extruded Expansion Process for Stabilization
2021, 11(4): 72-75.
Abstract(166) [PDF 773KB](15)
Abstract:
The rice bran，as a byproduct produced in process of fresh rice，has been continually out of people's views despite its economic contributions.With emerging of rice bran oil in the market，precaution against rice bran rancidity has still been under investigation for sake of its own storage.Development status of rice bran wet extrusion technology was described.Combined with processing characteristics and development trend of rice bran in China，necessity of research and development of new wet rice bran extrusion equipment was expounded.
New Progress in Extraction and Purification of Natural Iridoids
2021, 11(4): 76-81.
Abstract(141) [PDF 821KB](15)
Abstract:
Medicinal plants are unique strategic resources in China，utilization and exploitation of medicinal plant resources is the core driving force to promote coordinated development of“medicinal agriculture”.It is necessary for elimination impurities to extract and purify before iridoids are used in product development and utilization.Based on research at home and abroad，extraction and purification technologies of natural iridoids were reviewed and analyzed in order to provide basis for extraction and purification of natural iridoids，research and development of new methods，and precise development of agricultural resources.
Research Progress on Evaluation Methods of Water Resources Sustainable Utilization in Arid Areas
2021, 11(4): 82-85.
Abstract(148) [PDF 568KB](17)
Abstract:
With development of China's social economy，problems of water resources shortage and water environment deterioration have become increasingly prominent，and sustainable utilization of water resources in arid areas has become a hot spot in the world.Based on current situation of water resources development and utilization in arid areas，evaluation methods of water resources sustainable utilization at home and abroad were combed and summarized，and evaluation methods suitable for water resources sustainable utilization in arid areas were put forward according to different research purposes，aiming at promoting improvement and perfection of evaluation methods of water resources sustainable utilization.
Evaluation of Water Conservancy Project Management Model Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
2021, 11(4): 86-89.
Abstract(208) [PDF 621KB](24)
Abstract:
At present，problem of light management in the reconstruction of water conservancy projects is prominent.Management mode of water conservancy projects were compared and evaluated to provide a basis for decision making of water conservancy project management.First，influence factors of water conservancy project management were combed.A comprehensive evaluation system and model was built.Selecting typical of Yunnan water conservancy project management as an example，using analytic hierarchy process comprehensive empowerment，quantitative evaluation of water conservancy project management was done.Combining with evaluation results and typical problems of current traditional water conservancy project management implementation of property management mode，related suggestions were put forward.
Carrying Capacity and Suitability Analysis of Agricultural Production in Hebei Territorial Space Planning
2021, 11(4): 90-94.
Abstract(196) [PDF 4899KB](24)
Abstract:
As a major agricultural province in China，Hebei province faces various problems in optimizing pattern of agricultural areas and sustainable development of agriculture.To explicitly load scale of agricultural production in space planning，on premise of service function of regional ecological environment protection，to ensure total arable land dynamic balance and protect ecological balance as the center，a detailed analysis of agricultural industrial structure and spatial resources and environment suitability contradictory problem，can adjust measures to local conditions to promote continued development of agricultural production.Based on guidance of“double evaluation”as technical reference，carrying capacity of agricultural production and its suitability were analyzed，and suggestions on sustainable development and utilization of agricultural resources were puts forward.
Design and Test of Multifunctional Horizontal Rotary Forage Raking and Turning Machine
2021, 11(4): 95-99.
Abstract(189) [PDF 5781KB](18)
Abstract:
In order to meet domestic market demand for forage raking and turning machine，a kind of multifunctional horizontal rotary forage raking and turning machine was designed.It's structure and working principle were introduced.Key components such as transmission system，raking device and steering locking device were designed.Results of field experiments showed that this machine had good performance of raking grass，spreading，turning and drying，and moving.Loss of forage was small，rate of missing raking was 2.2%，and rate of flower and leaf loss was 2.5%.Multifunctional horizontal rotary forage raking and turning machine had a few blows to forage，so it could keep nutrition of forage.Its development and design met development needs of modern animal husbandry in China.
Rapid Aging Method of Agricultural Diesel Engine Reprocessing Unit
2021, 11(4): 100-105.
Abstract(177) [PDF 3800KB](23)
Abstract:
Diesel oil mixed with engine oil was used as fuel of agricultural diesel engine，and high load operation condition was adopted to quickly simulate influence of large amount of engine oil consumption and accelerate aging process caused by ash.A simple and efficient fast aging method of diesel oxidation catalysts（DOC）and diesel particulate filter（DPF）was studied，which shortened durability test and evaluation cycle of DOC and DPF.A control test group was set up，and purification efficiency and degradation rate of DOC and DPF were compared.And internal channels and element composition of DOC and DPF were characterized and analyzed in combination with SEM and energy spectrum analysis.Results showed that this method could accelerate degradation of DOC and DPF，realize rapid aging of DOC and DPF，shorten durability test and evaluation cycle of DOC and DPF，and greatly reduce test cost.
Design and Experiment of Air Suction Carrot Planter
2021, 11(4): 106-109.
Abstract(156) [PDF 1386KB](19)
Abstract:
Aiming at problems of small size，light weight，irregular shape and impurities in seeds of carrot seeds，an air suction carrot planter was designed.The planter could complete operations such as ditching，seeding，soil covering，and compaction at one time.Through theoretical calculation and analysis，structure and key parameters of carrot planter and its seed suction device for seed metering device were determined.Field experiments were conducted to verify its seeding performance.Qualified rate of seeding depth was 90%，and rate of injury was 0，which met relevant national standards for precision seeding of carrots，laying foundation for mechanized seeding of carrots.
Study and Application on Blended-Teaching in the Course of “Food Engineering Principle”Based on OBE
2021, 11(4): 110-113.
Abstract(166) [PDF 1833KB](19)
Abstract:
“Food Engineering Principles” is the discipline basic course of food engineering as cultivating cross-disciplinary and practical personnel who will serve the field of food science and engineering.It becomes important for teachers how to guide students to actively think，effectively use network advantage in current situation of internet popularization and widely applying in the field of education，as well as how to guide an interactive class.The chapter of heat transfer was taken as an example to state the blended-learning teaching mode based on concept of OBE during teaching process with Launch-Mind method.It showed that blended-learning teaching mode was effective to enhance teaching effect and improve students' innovation ability，independent ability and acquisition of learning.
Operation Mechanism of Scientific Research Base of Agricultural Colleges under Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy
2021, 11(4): 114-117.
Abstract(166) [PDF 617KB](16)
Abstract:
In December 2020，all provinces and cities across the country have announced poverty alleviation.While consolidating outstanding achievements of poverty alleviation，all regions have opened curtain of Rural Revitalization.The Northern Potato Production Mechanization Research Base of Gansu Agricultural University adheres to principle of public welfare，and explores the multi-party construction mode of“university research base+agricultural research unit+government+enterprise+cooperative+farmer”.It should adhere to operation mechanism that government implements contract management for the base，pays attention to communication and cooperation，improves sharing and management of equipment，realizes transformation and application of scientific research achievements，and implements evaluation and supervision.It could accelerate process of Rural Revitalization by devoting ourselves to research and development of machines and tools，scientific experiments，personnel training，industry driving and technology leading，so as to make due contributions to implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy.
Curriculum Reform of“Food Microbiological Inspection Technology”Based on“Internet Plus”
2021, 11(4): 118-122.
Abstract(162) [PDF 777KB](17)
Abstract:
Through analysis of students' learning situation and course situation，based on requirements of microbiological inspection positions，course objective of“Food Microbiological Inspection Technology”was formulated，reform ideas，teaching mode and teaching contents were designed.Internet plus education information teaching method was made full use，teaching mode，teaching content and teaching evaluation system were optimized，and curriculum was reformed and innovated.Practice showed that curriculum reform based on“Internet plus”had positive effect of enhancing students' learning initiative，enhancing students' understanding of curriculum and practical skills，improving overall teaching quality and future occupation development of students.
Nondestructive Testing Technology for Biomechanical Properties of Wheat Stem
2021, 11(4): 123-127.
Abstract(192) [PDF 1082KB](31)
Abstract:
At present，the non-destructive detection technology of wheat biomass has problems of low precision and low efficiency.Mechanical sensing technology and multiple regression analysis were used to construct prediction model of wheat aboveground fresh biomass，and prediction effect of wheat biomass in different growth stages was explored.Results showed that prediction effect of the model was the best when measurement height was 40 cm；prediction effect of the model was the best when measurement height was 40 cm.R2 value of the test set was 0.623，and RMSE value was 0.216 kg.Combination of measurement height and plant height characteristic parameters could not significantly improve prediction effect of wheat biomass.This study has a certain reference value in the rapid and non-destructive detection of wheat breeding.
Effects of Different Water and Fertilizer Supply Levels on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Strawberry under Soilless Cultivation in Greenhouse
2021, 11(4): 128-131.
Abstract(164) [PDF 2917KB](24)
Abstract:
In order to explore the best concentration combination of water and fertilizer supply for three-dimensional strawberry cultivation in Guanzhong，Shaanxi Province，soilless culture medium（peat∶vermiculite∶inorganic salt=1∶2∶1）was used as culture system，W1F1、W1F2、W1F3、W2F1、W2F2、W2F3 and CK（clear water，100% water content of substrate）were treated with two water contents（W1，W2）and three water-soluble fertilizer concentrations（F1，F2，F3），effects of different gradient treatment on plant growth，dry matter accumulation and water utilization rate were studied in the three-dimensional cultivation of strawberry.Results showed that W1F2（30% water content in the substrate and 0.1% water-soluble fertilizer concentration）did not cause excessive plant growth，accumulated more dry matter in the underground part，and root shoot ratio was higher than that of high water and fertilizer irrigation mode.
Effects of Climate Change on Cotton Growth and Development in Shihezi in Recent 40 Years
2021, 11(4): 132-136.
Abstract(181) [PDF 902KB](29)
Abstract:
In order to clarify impact of climate environment on cotton growth and development in Shihezi area，using meteorological data of four meteorological stations in Shihezi area from 1981 to 2018，climate environment and cotton growth and development change characteristics were analyzed and calculated through climate tendency rate，M-K mutation analysis，physiological development time and other methods.Results showed that: from 1981 to 2018，cotton yield and yield per unit area in Shihezi region showed a significant increasing trend，with increasing rates of 14 000 t/a and 57.9 kg/hm2 respectively.Average temperature and minimum temperature in Shihezi region showed a significant increasing trend，with climate tendency rates of 0.32 and 0.51 ℃ /10a respectively，while maximum temperature did not increase significantly at rate of 0.18 ℃/10a.Maximum temperature was more than 35 ℃ per day.The number of high temperature days was the highest in July；the number of days with the lowest temperature <12℃ was mainly distributed in April and September.Frost free period showed a significant increasing trend，climate tendency rate was 6.4 d/10a.Sowing date showed a significant advance trend，advance rate was -0.48 d/a.Cotton physiological development time showed a significant increasing trend，tendency rate was 2.4 d/10a，and mutation year was 1997.
Influence of Industrial Structure Optimization on Agricultural Economic Development
2021, 11(4): 137-142.
Abstract(195) [PDF 805KB](22)
Abstract:
Impact of industrial organization optimization on agricultural economic growth is a topic of common concern of relevant scholars and experts.In view of this phenomenon，based on analysis of current situation of industrial structure and economic growth in the central region，two indicators of Theil index and Moore structure change value were introduced，the least square regression model was constructed to analyze impact of industrial structure optimization on agricultural economy.Model performance was verified through three major methods：stationarity test，cointegration test and Granger causality test.D（LnY）and D（M），D（LnY）and D（TL）had no unit roots after first-order treatment，and time variables were stationary.Rationalization of industrial structure and economic development were mutually causal，and upgrading of industrial structure and economic development were also causality.Their regression equations and resolvable coefficients of model were 97% and 98% respectively.
Construction of Leisure Agriculture Landscape Features
2021, 11(4): 143-147.
Abstract(195) [PDF 4085KB](19)
Abstract:
In order to deal with “characteristic crisis”of China's leisure agriculture industry and solve problems of unclear characteristics and homogeneous content of leisure agriculture，under background of landscape architecture specialty，from perspective of leisure agriculture characteristic construction，strategy of leisure agriculture characteristic construction was put forward from planning level，and five characteristic design methods of leisure agriculture were summed up according to tourists' demand for leisure agriculture，so as to provide some guidance for park construction and characteristic construction of leisure agriculture.
Path Selection of Shaanxi's Characteristic Agriculture Development under Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy
2021, 11(4): 148-152.
Abstract(205) [PDF 652KB](21)
Abstract:
Shaanxi Province is a major agricultural province in our country.Developing characteristic agriculture is a rational choice to promote modernization of Shaanxi agriculture under dual pressure of limited arable land resources and ensuring national food security.Shaanxi Province has achieved certain achievements in characteristic agriculture，but Shaanxi characteristic agriculture is not special.Path selection countermeasures of Shaanxi Province's characteristic agriculture development under rural revitalization strategy were studied.Shaanxi Province needs to focus on overall planning of characteristic agriculture development and the province's county，town，and village characteristic agriculture plans，and also need to integrate regional and agricultural resources，to deeply excavate regional characteristic culture and create a characteristic agriculture with competitive advantages.

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