Agricultural robots are an important form of automated and intelligent agricultural development．Research status of agricultural robots at home and abroad were analyzed．Typical applications of agricultural robots were introduced．Advanced technologies and assignment style of foreign agricultural robots in visual image processing, multi-sensor fusion, autonomous navigation and end effectors were elaborated．Finally, existing problems and development trends of agricultural robots were summarized, so as to provide ideas for research, development and commercial application of agricultural robots in our country．

Technical process of livestock and poultry manure composting and various technical equipment for manure composting were briefly described．Development trend of livestock and poultry manure composting technology and equipment was analyzed．It was concluded that technical equipment of livestock and poultry manure composting was an effective way to solve problem of manure treatment in aquaculture．It could promote green development and ecological cycle and provide a reference for design, production and application of livestock and poultry manure composting technology and equipment．

With gradual increase in use of organic fertilizers in China, importance of organic fertilizer applicators has gradually become prominent．By comparing level of mechanization of organic fertilizer fertilization at home and abroad, current problems of organic fertilizer applicators in China were put forward, current research situation of organic fertilizer applicators in China was further analyzed, and refinement, automation and intelligence of organic fertilizer applicators were proposed．

As one of important technical means to achieve agricultural modernization, unmanned aerial vehicles（UAV） are playing an increasingly important role in China's agriculture．However, quality of agricultural UAV on the market is uneven lacking of adequate supervision, in order to guide healthy development of the UAV market and improve quality of UAV, it is necessary to establish a professional agricultural UAV supervision and inspection platform．From perspective of national supervision, a brief analysis of necessity of building an agricultural UAV supervision and inspection platform was made．Several suggestions for construction of agricultural UAV detection platform were put forward, and ideas for strengthening supervision and management of agricultural UAV were provided．

In order to improve whole process mechanized production level of teff, according to crop characteristics and planting conditions of teff, current research progress of whole process mechanized equipment of teff was comprehensively analyzed, and basic technical conditions and promotion of equipment were combed．On this basis, by analyzing basic conditions of agricultural production, use of equipment and conditions of basic industrial talents in relevant countries in main production areas of teff, basic idea of promoting implementation of teff equipment technical assistance projects by increasing integration of “machinery and technology” and with help of foreign aid agricultural cooperation mechanism was put forward, which has a certain reference significance for promoting policy formulation and practice of “agriculture going global”．

In recent years, technical route, operation quality standards and operating procedures were summarized in promotion of integrated technology of high speed hole sowing technology with full film covering on furrow and ridge for maize in Gansu Province．This technology could reduce operation times of machines and tools in the field, save fuel consumption, labor and time, reduce labor intensity and operation cost, bring effect of increasing production and income to farmers, and improve mechanized operation level and production efficiency．

A kind of Cyperus bean harvester was designed, which was mainly composed of frame, conveying and separating device, threshing and separating device, cleaning device and other components．The multiple cleaning functions made harvester had good fluidity and separation, and could realize efficient separation and cleaning of seeds, impurities and roots in mechanized harvesting process of Cyperus soybean．Taking grain loss rate and impurity content rate as evaluation indexes, optimum parameter combination of Cyperus bean harvester was finally determined by setting different rotating speeds of each part and conducting three factor and three level orthogonal tests, which provided a basis for design, improvement and parameter selection of key components．

Standardization is an important means of modern production and scientific management. As an important part of agricultural standardization, agricultural machinery standardization is an important technical foundation to promote structural adjustment and industrialization development of agricultural machinery. It plays important role in standardizing mechanical operations, ensuring safe production and promoting development of agricultural mechanization. Formulation and management of agricultural machinery standards in China were introduced. Classification and development status were analyzed. Development suggestions were put forward. It provided reference for improving standardization level of agricultural machinery in China.

In the process of building an industrial Internet platform for agricultural equipment, by giving full play to leading role of leading enterprises in the industrial chain, a new foundation would be built that included comprehensive connection of all elements, whole industry chain and whole value chain, and a new model of digital transformation would be formed that included intelligent production, networked collaboration, and service-oriented extension．By exporting capabilities of industrial internet platform, it could provide digital transformation services for manufacturing enterprises, explore new industrial forms, realize digital transformation of upstream and downstream enterprises in industrial chain, and achieve high-quality economic development．By helping small and medium-sized enterprises to use cloud resources and cloud platforms to achieve digital transformation, it could promote digital transformation and upgrading of modern agricultural equipment industry．

The movement track of agricultural machinery includes not only field operation track, but also road driving track．Effectively distinguish operation tracks of field operation and road driving during driving of agricultural machinery, accurately divide effective operation plots and accurately evaluate operation efficiency of agricultural machinery, so as to realize remote intelligent management of agricultural machinery．Typical characteristic data was extracted by analyzing attributes of agricultural machinery trajectory points, and training model established by the method of BP_ AdaBoost was used to recognize track points of agricultural machinery．After re-marking error prone track points at junction of road and field, it was trained again．The correct rate of track recognition was 96.89%．It not only avoided dependence of traditional clustering algorithm on threshold and parameters, but also effectively solved problem of mistaking road driving trajectory into field operation trajectory．

In order to improve remote monitoring ability of local meteorology in remote mountainous areas and reduce adverse impact of meteorological disasters on crop growth in mountainous areas, a design scheme of meteorological remote monitoring and early warning system was proposed．Structure of front-end acquisition terminal was optimized, synchronous acquisition and remote transmission of meteorological data and image data was realized by using microelectronic detection technology and 4G wireless communication network．Multiple acquisition terminal data was integrated by using remote server, the data was analyzed by using intelligent recognition algorithm, and meteorological monitoring and early warning results were output．The optimized design scheme has advantages of simple structure and low construction cost．Experimental results showed that data transmission was stable and could meet transmission rate requirements of agrometeorological data．

Smart agriculture is a modern agricultural production mode with information, knowledge and equipment as its core elements． It plays an important role in improving labor productivity, resource utilization rate and land output rate．Smart agriculture is development direction of modern agriculture．Policy environment and research progress of smart agriculture development were analyzed．Its main characteristics and application fields were introduced．Development prospect and key tasks of smart agriculture were prospected．It provided reference for future development of smart agriculture．

The design and equipment configuration of composting system are related to product quality．To systematically study chicken manure composting, especially for industrialized scale composting, it should comprehensively consider various factors, follow certain design principles, and design a set of composting system to produce qualified products that meet standard of commercial organic fertilizer．

Anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste was studied under different ratios of bacteria. Results showed that when ratio of bacterial agent to kitchen waste was 2:1, pH change was the most obvious．At 24 hours, the pH decreased to the lowest of 5.2, and at 36 hours, the pH increased to the highest of 6.2．The overall change trend of VFA content and pH change showed the opposite．Cumulative yield of biogas and methane content was always in the highest position, 48.74 L and 70.25%, respectively, and amount of COD showed the opposite trend．An appropriate amount of bacterial agent could promote anaerobic fermentation reaction．If it exceeded a certain amount, it would have an inhibitory effect．In conclusion, when bacterial agent addition ratio was 2:1, anaerobic fermentation efficiency of kitchen waste was high．

According to main characteristics of semi-dry noodles, main reasons for deterioration of semi-dry noodles and main sources of microorganisms in semi-dry noodles were expounded, including raw materials, technology, moisture and other aspects．Methods of prolonging shelf life in production and processing of semi-dry noodles in China were expounded．Problems of existing sterilization process were discussed．A solution for high temperature and high humidity sterilization was proposed．Methods of prolonging shelf life of semi-dry noodles were prospected．

In order to ensure quality and safety of edible fungi in China, a method for determination of pesticide residues in edible fungi was proposed．Under the national standard system for food safety, pesticide residues in edible fungi was analyzed, pesticide residue content limit indicators were obtained．Among gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and other detection methods, gas chromatography was selected to detect pesticide residues in edible fungi samples．By analyzing pesticide residue content in the samples, it could be seen that source of pesticides was very necessary to reduce pesticide residue content of edible fungi products, and the proposed method has high precision for detecting pesticide residue content of edible fungi．Strict control of pesticide residues could effectively improve safety of edible fungi products．

Water shortage and low fertilizer utilization efficiency are important factors limiting sustainable development of agriculture in China．Integration of water and fertilizer under mulched drip irrigation is efficient irrigation and fertilizer application technology integrating water-saving irrigation, demand-based fertilizer application and film agronomic measures, which has advantages of water and fertilizer saving, steam and salt reduction, quality and efficiency improvement and chemical fertilizer input reduction．Effects of water and fertilizer utilization efficiency, soil water and salt distribution and transport, absorption, transformation and migration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in soil-crop system and soil physicochemical properties were reviewed, as well as research of water and fertilizer coupling model and development history of water and fertilizer integration of drip irrigation．Current problems of drip irrigation technology under the film were also analyzed and countermeasures were proposed．

The full-feed harvesting method for grain combine harvester is not suitable for harvest of forage seeds．At the same time, due to different physical properties of legume forage seeds and gramineous forage seeds, existing self-propelled forage seed harvesting equipment in China is mainly used to harvest leguminous forage seeds．The harvest quality of gramineous forage seeds is average and loss rate is relatively high．Based on 9ZZ-2.4 self-propelled forage seed harvester, new type of gramineous forage seed harvesting device was discussed, which could be interchanged with legume collection platform．It had simple structure and convenient operation．Various technical parameters matched well with original harvester, and results were worthy of transformation and demonstration．

In view of problems such as high seed loss rate and impurity rate of district joint harvester, combined with internal and external roller rotary granulation device, test platform for granulation removal was set up, and simulation analysis results showed that selection device met screening requirements．Impurity content and loss rate in detached grain were used as experimental indexes．Air turbine speed and vibration sieve crank speed, which had a great influence on clearance performance, were selected as test factors．Single-factor test was carried out respectively．When fan speed was 1000 r/min, impurity content and loss rate were 0.65% and 1.06% respectively．When crank speed of vibrating screen was 275 r/min, impurity content and loss rate were 0.55% and 0.87% respectively．Finally, response surface test was carried out by Central Composite design method to study influence of factor interaction on test index．The best matching parameters obtained by test results were fan speed of 900 r/min and vibration sieve crank speed of 300 r/min．Under the best parameter combination, the device was tested several times, and average of its impurity rate and loss rate was 0.75% and 0.62%, respectively, indicating that the device could meet clearance performance requirements of cell harvest under this parameter combination．

Acquisition of accurate agricultural topographic surveying data is prerequisite for precision land leveling．Unmanned drone has characteristics of high automation and simple operation, which is widely used in operations of aerial photographing and remote sensing．However, tilt angle of drone’s body changes dynamically under action of mechanical vibration, cross wind and other factors, which results in deterioration of performances of onboard device．Therefore, a stability augmenting system based on STM32 single chip microcomputer was designed for land topographic surveying drone．This stability augmenting system collected drone’s tilt angle data by using a MPU6050 acceleration sensor in real time．It also used stepping motors to drive crank rod mechanism to compensate tilt angle, so that laser range finder could always maintain a vertical state and therefore accuracy of topographic surveying data could be improved．Experiment data indicated that tilt angles of leveling plate after compensation were less than 3 degrees under condition that topographic surveying drone dynamically changed tilt angle beyond extension of 15 degrees, which showed significant stabilizing performance of stability augmenting system．

According to rocker control mode of small electric agricultural machinery, aiming at relationship between remote lever voltage, driving wheel speed and steering deflection angle of guide wheel, "voltage speed" model of remote lever voltage and driving wheel and "voltage steering" model of guide wheel were established．Based on principle of electronic differential speed and Ackermann & Jeantand model, relationship between voltage, speed and steering angle was discussed, wheel speed and steering angle of body were obtained, and then steering angle of steering wheel was obtained．Nonlinear fitting was used to establish "voltage-speed" and "voltage-steer" model．Adj R-square correction fitting results in "voltage-speed" model were 0.954 6 and 0.974 4, respectively, and Adj R-square correction fitting results in the "voltage-steer" model were 0.869 0．The model could realize real-time acquisition of wheel speed and body steering deflection angle of electric agricultural machinery in process of travel and steering, and move forward stably according to preset scheme．Electric agricultural machinery is current development direction of agricultural machinery and is of great significance to development of agriculture．

Low mechanization of cassava production is one of bottlenecks restricting development of cassava industry in China．Research on high-performance cassava precision planter plays an important role in promoting stable development of cassava industry．Structure of cassava precision planter is complex．In order to improve working performance, frame of automatic seed metering device must have good structure and mechanical properties．Frame of double row cassava planter uniform precision automatic seed metering device developed by research group was taken as research object, finite element model of frame was established by UG and ANSYS software, and static analysis, constrained modal analysis and sensitivity analysis of frame of automatic seed metering device were carried out by ANSYS Work Bench．Optimization response was determined by modal analysis, design variables were determined by sensitivity analysis, optimization objectives were determined by model establishment, and six groups of non-inferior solutions were obtained by multi-objective optimization design mathematical model calculation．Among the six schemes and initial schemes, optimal frame structure scheme was selected based on fuzzy matter-element model of entropy weight．Comparative analysis before and after frame optimization of uniform precision automatic seed metering device of double row cassava planter showed that the first modal frequency was increased by 3.60%, frame mass was reduced by 8.76%, and the maximum deformation was reduced by 5.08%, which better achieved purpose of lightweight structure optimization of frame．Research results could provide a reference for design and optimization of cassava precision planter．

Aiming at problems of low peeling rate and low kernel rate of buckwheat peeling machine, a horizontal drum buckwheat peeling device was designed．Flexible peeling element was used to form a large gap with drum to realize impact, kneading and extrusion of buckwheat grains and complete peeling process．Based on measurement of grain structure parameters and peeling pressure of sweet buckwheat, peeling process and mechanism of the device were analyzed．Taking rotating speed and feeding amount as experimental factors, and peeling rate, half kernel rate and whole kernel rate of buckwheat grain as experimental indexes, single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were completed．The single factor experiment showed that peeling rate reached more than 80% when rotating speed was 1 200 ~ 1 300 r/min, and half kernel rate and whole kernel rate were 45% and 15% respectively when feeding amount was 0.09 ~ 0.11 kg/s．Using Design-expert 8.0 software for data processing and response surface analysis of orthogonal test, and optimal parameters were determined as follows: rotating speed was 1 200 r/min and feeding amount was 0.09 kg/s．The validation test was repeated three times for optimal parameters．The average values were peeling rate 82.5%, half kernel rate 50.8 % and whole kernel rate 16.3%．The error was small and model prediction was reliable．

Training standards of engineering talents in Britain was introduced and corresponding relationship between British education degree system and engineering talents, education curriculum system and engineering professional ability was deeply analyzed．Then taking China Agricultural University and Harper Adams University as examples, undergraduate talent training mode, training objectives and curriculum system of agricultural engineering and mechanical engineering between China and Britain were systematically compared．Research conclusion was of great significance for China to explore new education and training modes and mechanisms and help construction of new engineering under new situation of revolutionary changes in higher education．

In order to comprehensively analyze research situation of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities in China, research literature on innovation and entrepreneurship education included in the core journals of CNKI and CSSCI database （2001—2020） was taken as the data, based on bibliometric method, publication year, theme word, fund distribution, research institution and author distribution of the literatures were analyzed to review and prospect characteristics and hot spots of innovation and entrepreneurship education．It was found that there were more number of literatures on innovation and entrepreneurship education with main research subject of university than that of university students and postgraduates．Researchers of innovation and entrepreneurship education were relatively scattered, and core group had not been formed．In particular, the work on innovation and entrepreneurship education of postgraduate lacked in-depth and systematic research．The diversified research on innovation and entrepreneurship education in China had a broad development prospect．

Through years of production practice, a set of facility high yield cultivation techniques of pitaya fruit were summarized, mainly including planting techniques, water and fertilizer management techniques, plastic pruning techniques, temperature, humidity and light management techniques, flower and fruit management techniques and pest control techniques．It could provide reference for northern pitaya growers．

Based on theory of competitive advantage, competitive advantage degree of rapeseed industry in Zhenyuan County, Gansu Province was studied by using explicit and analytical indicators．Results showed that market share of Zhenyuan rapeseed in Gansu province was 1.67%, ranking the top among rapeseed producing counties and regions in Gansu Province．Resource endowment coefficient, scale advantage index, efficiency advantage index and comprehensive advantage index of Zhenyuan rapeseed were all greater than 1, which indicated that Zhenyuan rapeseed had a competitive advantage in Gansu Province, and efficiency advantage index and comprehensive advantage index showed a weak degree of competitive advantage．Zhenyuan rapeseed showed strong competition potential in cost and benefit, resource endowment and scale advantage．Based on the above analysis, to provide a reference for industrial revitalization, countermeasures were put forward to improve competitive advantage of rapeseed industry in Zhenyuan County．

From the upstream, middle and downstream of Hanzhong tea industry chain, existing problems in links of planting, processing and manufacturing, distribution and consumption were analyzed．Development path of each link of Hanzhong tea industry chain was also discussed．Corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to provide a reference for development of the Hanzhong tea industry in the future．

Based on customer perceived value and category of philosophical consciousness, a set of brand competitiveness evaluation index system for Zhanhua Winter Jujube was constructed．Comprehensive score of brand competitiveness was 76.86 by using entropy weight method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, which indicated its brand competitiveness was general and its brand image value> brand performance value> brand emotional value> brand natural and humanistic value．Based on analysis of scoring results of each index, an effective path was sought to improve brand competitiveness of Zhanhua Winter Jujube．

Through questionnaire surveys and interviews on development status of green agriculture in Xi’an, it was found that there was a trust problem of tracing to green agricultural products source．At the same time, there were a series of difficulties, such as high green costs, lack of agriculture talents, lack of innovation of agricultural technology, insufficient support of logistics information．From supply side and demand side of Xi'an agriculture development, problems and difficulties of it were analyzed．It was found that digit enabled agriculture was an effective measure to solve problem of Xi'an agriculture development, and a series of proposals to speed up construction of agricultural digitization were put forward．