Agricultural machinery specialized cooperatives are key propelling subjects in whole process of rice production mechanization development, but role of agricultural machinery cooperatives in whole process of rice production mechanization development in Guizhou Province has not been given full play．Through field investigation of 14 key agricultural machinery specialized cooperatives, current situation of rice mechanization development in Guizhou Province was understood, existing problems and constraints were analyzed, and feasible countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to promote development of rice mechanization in Guizhou Province．

With development of soybean industry, harvester begins to be widely used．Three kinds of soybean harvesters commonly used in Shangqiu City were selected for production test．Results showed that performance of this type of machine was improved, but crushing rate and loss rate still exceed standard．Reason for problem was analyzed and some suggestions were put forward to optimize operation effect, such as strengthening manipulator training, selecting appropriate varieties, harvesting in the right time, adjusting header and thresh device．

In response to issue of non-standard instructions for use of agricultural machinery products in application process of new agricultural machinery products entering national agricultural machinery purchase subsidy catalog, requirements and suggestions for important content of agricultural machinery product instructions were proposed based on relevant national standards．Main content, safety requirements, precautions, structural features, performance indicators, working principles, installation and debugging, use and fault handling, maintenance and repair, transportation and storage, accessories, delivery acceptance, and after-sales service of agricultural machinery product manuals were emphasized, in order to achieve goal of quickly entering national or local agricultural machinery purchase subsidy catalog for new agricultural machinery products．

In order to realize integration and simplification of PET beverage bottles level detection system in beltline of beverage production and replace trigger instruction based on traditional sensors with method of integrated machine vision in liquid level detection program of bottled PET beverage to achieve rapid identification and positioning of PET bottled beverage liquid level in beltline, a real-time dentification and positioning method based on improved YOLOv7 was proposed for PET beverage bottle liquid level in beltline．Based on original YOLOv7, original SPPCSPC pooled pyramid structure was improved to a faster SPPFCSPC structure, and original loss function was improved by using SIoU loss function．Experiments showed that improved YOLOv7 model recognized PET beverage bottles and bottled liquid level whose part of samples contained color distortion and noise with a recognition accuracy of 98.9% and 96.3%, and recognition time of per image was 12.1 ms．The model could still achieve high-precision liquid level recognition and positioning of bottled beverages despite color distortion, multiple noise points, and image rotation in collected image samples．

To meet demand of consumers for quality and safety of agricultural products, whole process traceability system of agricultural products was designed and developed．Based on three-tier organizational structure of internet of things, the system was designed, including equipment data collection, network data transmission, and system development．In the system, real-time tracing of agricultural products from planting, farming, harvesting, warehousing, transportation and other environments was realized, and a module integrated big data display platform was built to show consumers accurate information of agricultural products in an all-round way, establishing trust between supply and demand．It had further realized science and technology to help agriculture, and had inserted wisdom wings for development of internet of things agriculture．

With continuous improvement of traditional agricultural technology, scale of “five in one”greenhouse planting and breeding has been further expanded, and power consumption of large-scale greenhouse groups has increased sharply．It is an urgent problem to study power supply technology of renewable energy greenhouse groups．Taking optical storage small power supply system as research object, a simulation model of light storage power supply system of mountain greenhouse group in Hotan Region of Xinjiang was built．According to power consumption law of greenhouse group and regional peak sunshine hours, installation capacity and model of photovoltaic array, circuit configuration, charge and discharge circuit of energy storage system and other parameters were set．Working principle of photovoltaic cells, maximum power tracking point control and charge discharge control strategy of energy storage system were studied in detail．And simulation model was built in simulation software of Matlab/Simulink to verify effectiveness of light storage and power supply system model of mountain greenhouse group．Research results provided theoretical reference for subsequent construction of hardware for power supply system of greenhouse clusters．

In response to development trend of China's aquaculture industry and current harmless treatment methods for dead livestock and poultry, advantages and disadvantages of various treatment methods were systematically analyzed, and it was proposed that aerobic composting has potential for sustainable development．By elaborating on principle and development process of aerobic fermentation composting technology, it was determined that container type composting system was the most suitable for fertilizer treatment of dead livestock and poultry．At the same time, a classification study was conducted on structure and performance of composting reactors at home and abroad, and a matching application plan for breeding scale and technical equipment was proposed．Finally, based on actual situation in China, it was proposed that fertilizer treatment and utilization of dead livestock and poultry was future development direction, which could promote stability of breeding industry healthy development, has great significance for protection of ecological environment．

Mechanical characteristics of mulberry, peach and cherry branches were tested and analyzed to evaluate adaptability of existing typical fruit branch shredders to mulberry, peach and cherry branches．Experimental research was conducted on measuring stretch force, shear force and compressive strength of three kinds of branches with different diameters in winter pruning period．Influence of diameter and variety on mechanical characteristic was determined．Results showed that stretch force per unit diameter, shear force per unit diameter and axial compression strength of three branches increased with sample diameter．Under certain moisture content and diameter conditions, mulberry branches had the largest stretch force per unit diameter（164.36 N/mm）, shear force per unit diameter（105.74 N/mm）and axial compression strength（6.45 MPa）, followed by peach branches and cherry branches．The research could provide theoretical basis and technical parameters for determining cutting force, cutting blade and cutting mode required for cutting various branches, and has important guiding significance for design and selection of low energy consumption and high efficiency fruit tree branch shredder．

In order to solve problems of poor flavor, serious damage of texture and great loss of nutrition, potato mud making process and equipment were optimized．Based on principle of spiral extrusion, a groove cavity and a variable pitch screw were designed, and extrusion machine tests were carried out to test effects of different mud making processes on nutritional composition, flavor and texture of potato mud．Results showed that quality of mashed potato was the best when potato chip thickness was 1.0 cm, steam was 11 min and pressure was 0.01−0.20 MPa．At the same time, combined with physical and chemical characteristics of potato mud, quality evaluation index system of potato mud was improved．Simulation results showed that combination of groove cavity with variable pitch screw has the best crushing effect, and design of orifice plate outlet structure was stable and uniform．With increase of screw speed or feed speed, pressure in extrusion section cavity and outer cylinder of orifice plate increased．Test results showed that potato mash produced by screw extrusion was soft and delicate, with strong flavor, little nutritional loss, and product quality was significantly improved．

Pueraria is a perennial plant with medicinal and edible homology, which is rich in resources and has great development and utilization value．For a long time, extensive and backward production and processing techniques have become “bottleneck”that restricted development of Pueraria lobata industry．Pueraria lobata components were studied based on current situation investigation of Pueraria lobata industry．Extraction process of Pueraria lobata starch, brewing technology and high performance chromatographic separation （HPLC）process technology were optimized．Under the background of “carbon neutrality”, this research proposed a plan to achieve efficient transformation and utilization of Pueraria lobata biomass resources, which would promote development of China's Pueraria lobata industry．

Water and fertilizer coupling utilizes effects of promoting fertilizer with water and regulating water with fertilizer to increase crop yield, improve crop quality, and improve water and fertilizer utilization efficiency．Effects of water and fertilizer coupling on grape soil environment and quality were briefly described, and effects were considered from perspectives of grape soil hydrothermal characteristics, soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities, grape quality and so on．Through literature review, it could provide a powerful basis for subsequent research on effect of water and fertilizer coupling on grape soil environment and quality．

In order to explore influence of growth and development, yield formation and water and nitrogen use efficiency of maize under different water and nitrogen coupling modes, three irrigation levels（W₁ low-water irrigation, W₂ medium-water irrigation, W₃ high-water irrigation）and three nitrogen application gradients（N₁ low nitrogen, N₂ medium nitrogen, N₃ high nitrogen）were set up, and a control treatment CK was set up, a total of 10 treatments were set up to study effects of different water and nitrogen coupling modes on growth status and yield of seed maize．Results showed that fruit panicle length, panicle diameter, row grain number and panicle number of maize under different water and nitrogen coupling modes were different, W₃N₂ treatment with medium nitrogen and high water and nitrogen application of 450 kg/hm², as irrigation and nitrogen application scheme of sub-film drip irrigation of maize, community yield of 0.66 kg/m², growth indicators of maize plant height and stem thickness had the best effect．Coupling of different water and nitrogen could significantly increase yield of maize and promote growth of maize．Medium nitrogen and high water model has the best economic benefits for promoting healthy growth of maize, and can be used as a priority recommended scheme in maize planting management．

In recent years, extreme rainstorms and natural disasters have occurred frequently, which causing severe damage to farmland．A method of identifying hump and concave features of farmland using Farmland Digital Terrain Model（FDTM）was proposed．First, aerial image of experimental plot was handle based on SfM（Structure from Motion）technology and high precision farmland FDTM was obtained．Variation trend of elevation variance of FDTM with local window scale was analyzed, and scale interval of analysis window as 31×31 to 51×51 pixels was determined．Second, 315 elevation extremes were extracted under local window of 51×51 pixels, which were further evaluated by using 3 topographical factors of elevation, topographic relief and slope to obtain multi-windows comprehensive membership degrees．Finally, threshold value of multi-windows comprehensive membership degrees was determined as 0.627 according to Sturgis method．16 elevation extremes were confirmed as hump features’ vertices, and outline of hump features were obtained by combining with contour map．Similarly, a Reverse Farm Digital Terrain Model（RFDTM）was developed to transform concave features into hump features, and 9 farmland concave features were identified．Research results could provide theoretical basis and methodological support for farmland reclamation and precise land leveling operations．

To solve problems of uncontrollable seedling trajectory and poor consistency of seedling positions in automatic transplanter seedling picking device, a ejection mechanism of transplanter seedling picking device was designed．Measurement results of bowl seedlings ejection showed that average output of each group of bowl seedlings was from 2.10 to 3.25 N．Through statics and velocity analysis of seedling ejector rod by ANSYS and ADAMS simulation software, position with the maximum velocity was determined as the best seedling picking point．Control logic of seedling picking device was designed, and kinematics analysis of seedling ejection process was carried out to determine horizontal movement distance of seedling and advance of conveyor belt when seedling was pushed, which improved accuracy of control logic．A seedling retrieval device test bench was built to conduct seedling retrieval experiments．Results showed that qualified rate of seedling collection was 91.7%, and crushing rate was 14.2%．

In order to reduce damage rate and loss rate in process of Cyperus esculentus harvesting and improve screening rate, a compound screening Cyperus esculentus harvester composed of lifting net chain, threshing drum, key separation device, impurity blower, horizontal chain conveyor and impurity suction fan was designed．For key separation device, key component of the machine, orthogonal test was carried out with crankshaft speed, separation device angle and baffle angle as factors, and screening rate and falling particle loss rate as indicators．Regression equation and response surface model were established by using Design-Expert software．Harvest efficiency and loss rate of leaking beans of prototype were tested through field experiments．

In order to evaluate wear resistance of materials used for agricultural machinery's tillage tools, a wear resistant testing machine was designed．Through design of overall structure and key components, wear resistance of rotary tiller/disc harrow and ploughshare components made of different materials was tested under specific abrasive conditions, respectively．Static analysis on rotary cross of plowshare wear test system was carried out by ANSYS Workbench finite element analysis software．Loads and constraints were added according to actual working conditions, and total deformation and stress distribution cloud diagram of rotary cross were obtained, which verified rationality of the design．Setting of test speed, duration and other parameters, and storage of test results were realized by measurement and control system based on Dyna Test Expert dynamic test software．

In order to meet agricultural production needs of Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province, a wheat seeder has been designed, which could complete trenching, fertilization, sowing, and soil covering operations in one go．Field test results showed that sowing depth was 40 mm, row spacing was 120 mm, seedling width was 70 mm, and efficiency was 0.43 hm²/h．Its innovation was that sprocket was limited by sprocket positioning plate, and rear and front trencher frames were staggered on rear crossbeam．Its advantage was bandwidth of seedlings, simple structure and convenient adjustment．

In view of demand of mechanized harvesting of shrub plants such as Caragana korshinskii, Hippophae rhamnoides L., Salix cheilophila S., and Amorpha fruticosa L., the 9L-200 shrub harvester was developed and designed．Crawler chassis suitable for sandy land, sandy slope, hilly land and muddy land was adopted, and quantitative hydraulic pump+proportional valve+variable travel motor was used for driving．Based on sawing principle, a cutting and feeding header with double circular saw discs rotating inwards to cut shrubs without support was designed．Combined chopping drum device was developed．By increasing or decreasing number of moving knives and tool holders, stepwise adjustment technology of cutting length was realized．A reverse gear box device has been installed to achieve rapid removal of blockages．According to field inspection and field test of National Agricultural Machinery Quality Inspection and Testing Center, productivity of the machine was 0.40～0.67 hm²/h, material cutting length was 20～40 mm adjustable, and all performance indicators met design requirements, meeting market needs of large-scale shrub flat stubble harvesting and industrial resource utilization．

Taking construction of new engineering as an opportunity, and in context of realization of international substantial equivalence of national certification system for engineering education, cultivation of postgraduate students should be oriented to specific professional fields, especially engineering ethics education．A comparative analysis of development process, educational characteristics, teaching means, and content innovation of engineering ethics education at home and abroad was carried out．Taking China Agricultural University as an example, focusing on curriculum content optimization, case library construction, mixed teaching reform, and teacher team construction, methods and approaches of engineering ethics education were explored and ideas and suggestions under concept of "large engineering ethics education" were put forward, such as comprehensive embedding of courses, construction of production and education platforms, promotion of professional teachers, rich teaching resources, and reform of local education methods．

To better train food professionals who meet needs of food enterprises, guided by needs of food enterprises for food professionals, way of questionnaire survey was adopted to provide direction and basis for teaching reform of food professional training mode．Results showed that due to lack of pressure resistance and talent fault of food professionals, there was a large gap of professional and technical talents in modern food enterprises, and demand expectation of enterprises for food graduates was still higher than existing skills of food graduates, such as professional quality, hands-on operation ability and professional comprehensive quality（psychological quality, pressure resistance ability and professional skills）were weak links of current food professionals．The food professionals trained by colleges and universities, according to current training scheme, could not meet requirements of food enterprises．

Unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV）plant protection technology is one of the important application directions in the industry, and there is a huge talent demand gap．Based on background of new engineering, teaching exploration and implementation path of UAV Plant Protection Technology course was explored, in order to cultivate first-class UAV application technology talents who meet development needs of the industry．

As one of the world cultural heritage sites, Hani Terrace fields have attracted much attention due to their outstanding farming culture and eco-system．To reveal development context and hot contents of research theme of Hani Terrace, 368 papers published from 2000 to 2021 based on full-text database of CNKI were selected．Bibliometric method was applied to conduct visual analysis and statistics from number of papers, subject distribution, core authors, research institutions and research hot spots．Results showed that, from overall development perspective, related research in field of Hani Terrace had entered a stage of stable development．The research focused on agricultural engineering, tourism and culture．Authors from three main groups were lack of cooperation between research institutions．Research contents were rich and diverse, with main keywords of agricultural cultural heritage, cultural landscape, sustainable development, farming culture, protection, and development．According to development context, research field of Hani Terrace could be divided into three stages, including germination stage（2000—2005）, development period（2006—2016）and stability period（2017—2021）．In terms of research trends, research hotspot focused on terrace culture, natural geographical characteristics, irrigation area, water conservancy, cultural landscape, ecological tourism and other contents, and then expanded to tourism influence, traditional villages and heritage protection．

In recent years, wheat stem rot disease has become more and more serious in Xianyang City, threatening safety of local wheat production．In order to screen effective seed coating agents for controlling wheat crown rot, control effect of 4 seed dressing with chemicals on wheat stem rot disease was studied．Results showed that, there were no adverse effects on germination and emergence of wheat seeds by 27% difenoconazole· fludioxonil·thiamethoxam seed- coating agent, 30% thiamethoxazine seed- coating suspension agent + 6% tebuconazole suspending agent, 25% phenamacril and 30% imidacloprid ·tebuconazole seed coating suspension agent．Control effects of 27% difenoconazole· fludioxonil· thiamethoxam suspension seed coating agent, 30% thiamethoxam suspension seed coating agent + 6% tebuconazole suspension agent on wheat crown rot were all above 85% , control effect of white spike rate was above 90%．Prevention effect was remarkable．Control effects of 25% phenamacril suspension and 30% tebuconazole · imidacloprid on the disease stem and white spike of wheat were above 80% and 85%, respectively, all the four seed dressing agents could effectively control damage of wheat crown rot and achieve goal of maintaining yield．

In order to avoid effect of chilling injury on rice yield, and evaluate yield loss caused by chilling injury correctly, based on TRP-1000D artificial intelligence climate box, rice variety 90-35 was selected to be treated with chilling injury at jointing stage and heading stage, which was 5 °C and 3 °C lower than outside, respectively, and lasted for 5 days, effects of chilling injury at jointing stage and heading stage on panicle traits, yield components and yield of rice were studied．Experimental results showed that, except for A₂ treatment, which significantly increased number of full grains on primary branches of rice, the A₁、A₂、B₁ and B₂ treatments significantly reduced number of primary branches of rice compared to CK treatment, and other panicle traits were significantly reduced compared to CK treatment．A₂ has the most negative effect on panicle length and secondary branch number, and has the least negative effect on solid grain number of secondary branch．B₁ has the least negative effect on number of primary branches and secondary branches, but has the most negative effect on number of solid grains of primary branches and secondary branches．B₂ has the greatest negative effect on number of primary branches and the least negative effect on ear length．Except for A₂ treatment, which significantly increased yield, A₁、A₂、B₁ and B₂ treatments reduced rice yield, primary branch setting rate, and secondary branch setting rate compared to CK treatment．A₂ has the least positive effect on primary branch setting rate and significantly increased yield, while B₁ has the most negative effect on yield, seed setting rate of primary branch and secondary branch．After rice 90-35 was treated with different low-temperature chilling injury at jointing stage and heading stage, its panicle characters, yield and yield components were significantly or extremely significantly negatively affected．Appropriate low-temperature treatment at jointing stage could increase cold resistance of paddy rice, restore normal growth environment at later growth stage, and rice could quickly return to normal growth and grow better．

Promoting development of agricultural modernization is goal of agricultural development in Gansu Province．Agricultural modernization evaluation index system was constructed from three dimensions: agricultural input level, agricultural output level and agricultural sustainable development level, and agricultural modernization development level of Gansu Province from 2008 to 2020 was evaluated by entropy weight TOPSIS model．Research has found that development of agricultural modernization in Gansu Province was relatively slow, with a overall low comprehensive index．Cities and prefectures within Gansu Province have shown differentiated development, with Jiayuguan City and Jiuquan City leading the way, followed closely by Wuwei City, Jinchang City, and Zhangye City．Lanzhou City, Baiyin City, Tianshui City, Qingyang City, Dingxi City, and Longnan City had average levels of agricultural modernization development, while Pingliang City, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, and Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture were at the end of the province．Among them, level of sustainable agricultural development in all cities and prefectures of Gansu Province was not ideal．Total power of agricultural machinery per unit cultivated land area, effective irrigation rate and annual training of agricultural machinery personnel were important influencing factors of agricultural modernization development．It was suggested that Gansu should increase input of agricultural machinery, promote development of agricultural modernization according to local conditions and attract return of rural labor force and so on．

To analyze competitiveness of "Majiagou Celery" brand in Qingdao City, Shandong Province, a set of evaluation index system based on 4Cs marketing theory were constructed, and entropy weight method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were used to get comprehensive score of its brand competitiveness of 81.1500 points．According to this score, the brand had good competitiveness．Among all kinds of first-class indicators, the scores were as follows: brand culture power（81.9019）> brand communication power（81.5643）> brand sales power（80.8988）＞brand performance value（79.6669）．After analyzing evaluation results, "Majiagou Celery" brand was optimized and constructed, indicating direction for the brand and similar product brand construction．

One of the most critical strategies for development of regional public brands of agricultural products is how to avoid falling into tragedy of commons．Regional public brand of Zhashui County, Shaanxi Province, Zhashui Agaric has constructed brand management strategy, combined its own development characteristics and resource advantages．The formation contained four aspects which were brand system management, brand image management, production process management, management platform construction, to provide more perspectives of theoretical reference and practical experience for agricultural product brand building research．