Harvesting is one of key links in oat production．Different harvesting methods have different effects on oat loss and grain quality．Combined harvest, artificial harvest, artificial harvest + mechanical threshing and mechanical harvest + mechanical threshing were used to harvest oat in the field．With total loss rate, impurity rate, broken rate and seed germination rate as indicators, effects of different harvesting methods on harvest quality of oat were compared and analyzed．Results showed that different harvesting methods had significant effects on total loss rate, impurity rate and broken rate．Germination rate of seeds in each group was above 85%, which met requirements of national standard, and there was no significant difference between groups．This study provided a theoretical basis for selecting rational harvesting methods and promoting harvesting techniques for oats．

Corn harvesters are key equipment for entire mechanization of corn production．With implementation of agricultural machinery subsidy policies, corn harvesters have achieved rapid development．In order to master quality level of corn harvesters, two quality surveys on some corn harvesters in use in Shanxi Province in recent years were conducted．Comprehensive satisfaction, safety, reliability, applicability, and after-sales service status of corn harvesters satisfaction data were summarized and statistically analyzed, problems existing in corn harvester in use were analyzed, improvement measures and suggestions were proposed．

International large-scale comprehensive agricultural engineering project involve whole industry chain contents, such as land reclamation, seed selection test, planting system design, agricultural machinery configuration and infrastructure construction．Planting system design and agricultural machinery configuration are key research and control aspects that need to be emphasized during project development and execution．Planting system design is the core of agricultural engineering project．Characteristics of international large-scale agricultural engineering projects was analyzed．Planting system was determined through crop selection, agricultural climate survey, soil condition survey and hydrological condition survey．Agricultural machinery configuration was determined according to planting system．Expert recommendation method was recommended method for selecting agricultural machinery．Work load method and linear programming method were preferred for agricultural machinery quantity allocation．

Through a survey and research on over 100 agricultural machinery workers in Yingzhou District, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, it was found that grassroots agricultural machinery workers were currently facing difficulties in improving their use of technology, maintaining and repairing machinery, operating difficulties, and funding shortages in their operations．Starting from reasons for these difficulties, solutions to overcome difficulties were proposed．

In order to timely learn sugarcane harvesting progress information, improve information management level of sugarcane harvesting process in sugarcane milling season, based on domestic remote sensing cloud computing platform PIE-Engine, taking 2020/2021 milling season of sugarcane in Xingbin District, Laibin City, Guangxi as an example, NDVI time series dataset was generated by using Sentinel-2 multispectral images at three key time points before sugarcane harvest, according to the NDVI trend differences of main crops in the area, sugarcane planting areas were extracted by unsupervised classification．On this basis, the radar vegetation index（RVI）time series data set was synthesized by using characteristics of short revisit period and all-weather of Sentinel-1 dual-polarization SAR data, and approximate harvesting dates of different sugarcane planting areas were obtained through change detection．An on-line remote sensing monitoring program of sugarcane harvesting progress in county area was developed on pie-Engine platform．The sugarcane planting area in Xingbin district in 2020 extracted by this program was close to the stable planting area for many years．Statistical analysis and display of sugarcane harvesting progress in Xingbin district 2020/2021 milling season was realized as well．Study confirmed that sugarcane harvesting monitoring based on domestic remote sensing cloud computing platform was feasible．

As an important supporting tool for think tank research and decision-making, information resource assurance system is the basis for improving research level, product quality and competitiveness of think tanks, research on construction of information resource assurance system plays an important role in think tank research．Principles and constituent elements of construction of information resource assurance system were clarified, framework of information resource assurance system was established, and engineering thinking was introduced into process of resource construction to processize and standardize resource construction．A three-layer information resource assurance system construction framework was proposed, which included original data, basic data and professional knowledge base．Engineering construction process of information resources was established．It was expected to improve efficiency and quality of resource construction and improve information resource support ability of think tank．

Nitrogen is one of a large number of elements in process of plant growth and development．The rapid and accurate acquisition of nitrogen content is of great significance for crop monitoring and management in the field．Leaf Nitrogen Content（LNC）of buckwheat canopy was quantified by UAV equipped with multispectral sensors．It could provide a theoretical basis for information management of buckwheat leaves．Taking different buckwheat varieties as research object, by using UAV to obtain multispectral images of buckwheat canopy leaves during flowering and filling stages, and synchronously collect LNC of buckwheat canopy leaves, reflectivity was extracted at 5 bands．12 vegetation indices related to LNC were selected for Pearson correlation analysis．Characteristic variables with higher correlation among 17 spectral variables were selected for PLSR, SVM, and BPNN regression modeling with measured LNC．G, R, NIR, NDVI, RDVI, RVI, SAVI, NLI, OSAVI, GRVI have a high correlation with LNC, with the highest being GRVI, reaching 0.824．Regression model established by BP neural network showed the best performance．Coefficient of determination（R²）and root mean square error（RMSE）of prediction set were 0.828 and 2.172, respectively．The R², RMSE and RPD of validation set were 0.939, 1.100 and 4.587 respectively．Therefore, the UAV multi-spectral remote sensing technology could realize field-scale LNC estimation of buckwheat canopy leaves．

In order to find problematic seedlings status timely and improve sorting efficiency of seedlings in cultivation stage of hydroponic vegetables, an automatic detection method of hydroponic lettuce seedlings status based on FCN grid location and feature fusion was proposed, taking dead and double-planting status of seedlings growing in a hole as research object．Aiming at problem of low detection accuracy of two-plant seedlings status, FCN architecture was introduced to change traditional localization based on regression and adopted its sensitive characteristics to obtain accurate grid point spatial information on basis of previous research．At the same time, feature fusion strategy was used to fully obtain correlation between different grid points, so as to achieve further accurate location of problematic status of hydroponic lettuce seedlings．Experimental results showed that mean average precision of this method was 88.1%, which was higher than that of previous method, FSAF, YOLOv3, FoveaBox, ATSS and CornerNet．In particular, detection accuracy of two-plant seedlings status was significantly increased．Hydroponic lettuce seedling condition detection method proposed could realize automatic detection of problem status of hydroponic lettuce seedlings, and provide technical support for intelligent breeding and sorting of hydroponic vegetable seedlings and planting automation．Therefore, the method proposed could realize accurate identification and localization automatically, which could provide technical support for intelligent sorting and automatic planting of hydroponic vegetable seedlings．

Internet of things technology has been introduced in the field of facility agriculture, and environmental information of solar greenhouse tomatoes at different growth stages has been collected through the internet of things platform．By comparing suitable production conditions for tomatoes in solar greenhouses and providing information feedback through internet of things system platform and mobile apps, automatic irrigation, automatic rolling curtains, automatic film rolling and other automatic controls have been achieved．Targeted implementation of refined, intelligent, and automated scientific management has changed traditional management mode of solar greenhouses, improved labor productivity, and promoted development of facility vegetable industry．

The use of agricultural plastic greenhouse is very important for agricultural production, but if it is improperly used, it will have adverse effects on agricultural production and ecological environment．Therefore, using remote sensing technology to monitor quantity and scale of agricultural plastic greenhouses is of great significance for sustainable development of agriculture．Specific applications of different classification principles, remote sensing data sources and classifiers in identification of agricultural plastic greenhouses were analyzed and compared．Development prospects of remote sensing technology in the field of greenhouses identification were briefly described, with a view to providing reference for related research．

Hydrothermal carbonization（HTC）can significantly improve hydrophilicity of waste with high moisture content, improve hydrophobicity of solid products, and facilitate purification of subsequent products．Due to its advantages such as simple treatment method, short reaction time, low energy consumption, and continuous treatment, as well as its ability to obtain water carbon with high carbon content, abundant active oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface, large specific surface area, and developed porosity, it is an emerging waste resource utilization, reduction, and harmless treatment method．Method and principle of hydrothermal carbonization was introduced, mechanism of reaction process was clarified, physical and chemical properties and characteristics of solid products obtained from hydrothermal carbonization by some scholars in recent years were summarized, and relationship between two indicators O/C, H/C, and reaction intensity that affect thermal stability of water carbon was discovered．Two important process parameters（reaction temperature and residence time）were optimized to meet degree of carbonization while saving resources．Important position of hydrothermal carbonization in thermochemical conversion has been established．Impact mechanism of raw material composition, temperature, time, liquid-solid ratio, and catalyst addition on hydrothermal synthesis was systematically analyzed, and challenges and development opportunities faced by hydrothermal carbonization technology in high humidity waste treatment were prospected, providing reference for promoting efficient utilization of organic waste and reducing environmental hazards of waste．

Biomass pellet fuel is a solid pellet fuel that presses or squeeze biomass into large volume density, high thermal efficiency and easy transportation storage using mechanical force．It is a clean alternative energy of coal, and has been widely used in industrial and thermal power generation．According to combustion characteristics of biomass pellet fuel, a cooking stove for rural areas was designed, and its performance was tested．Test results showed that, thermal efficiency was 30.7%, heating rate was 24.4～25.7 °C / min, the highest temperature in the furnace was 709 °C, the highest temperature of chimney outlet flue gas was 286 °C, and concentration range of O₂ and CO in flue gas composition was from 9.8% to 17.4% and from 23 to 886 mg/m³, meeting performance requirements of civil cooking stoves．It could provide a theoretical basis for design of rural civil biomass pellet fuel cooking stove．

In order to explore biochemical treatment process of fish feces suitable for efficient recycling of nitrogen in fish and vegetable symbiosis system, anaerobic and aerobic processes were set up for biochemical treatment of fish feces．Three reaction temperatures and three fish feces TS concentrations were set for each process to study change rule of nitrogen in fish feces after different processes and impact of fish feces on lettuce growth．Results showed that ratio of ammonia to nitrate in fish dung liquid after anaerobic treatment increased, and ratio of ammonia to nitrate in fish dung liquid after aerobic treatment decreased to less than 1.0．The best growth rate of lettuce was cultivated for fish dung after aerobic treatment at 35.0 °C with TS concentration was from 3.0% to 3.5%, indicating that the most suitable biochemical treatment process for lettuce growth was TS concentration of raw fish dung from 3.0% to 3.5%, and aerobic treatment at 35.0 °C for 10 days．

In order to further explore problem of false positive in rapid determination of pesticide residues in vegetables, residues of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides in bulk vegetables were analyzed based on enzyme inhibition and chromatography methods．According to characteristics of false positive vegetables, combined with daily work experience, factors which were likely to cause false positives in rapid detection of enzyme inhibition were identified and analyzed, and key influencing factors were divided into four categories: enzyme inhibitor interference, competitive color reaction interference, background interference and light transmission interference．The ways in which it affected enzyme inhibition reactions were elaborated, and targeted measures and suggestions to avoid and reduce occurrence of false positives were proposed to provide reference and basis for improvement of enzyme inhibition method and further improvement of rapid detection accuracy in future．

In bidding stage, bidding documents require that network plan need to be prepared using network diagram．In construction preparation stage, supervising engineer requires that network plan need to be used for progress control．In construction process, network plan needs to be used for claim of construction period and related idling costs．With popularization of network plan, it is imperative to accurately promote application of network plan in project management in the field of drip irrigation project construction．Technical mechanism of network planning and technical characteristics of double-code time-scale network planning was mainly introduced, and its application in construction management of drip irrigation projects was analyzed, providing reference for relevant workers．

Adaptive planning method of canal system in the Daqiao Reservoir irrigation area based on improved multi-objective decision-making model was proposed to reasonably plan water distribution of canal system in the Daqiao Reservoir irrigation area, improve utilization rate of water resources, and reduce ineffective waste water and impact on ecological environment．Multi-objective decision-making function for canal system planning of Daqiao Reservoir irrigation area was to minimize water shortage of each canal system in irrigation area after completion of water distribution, loss of water conveyance through canal and grey water footprint brought by crop production．The multi-objective decision-making model for canal system planning of Daqiao Reservoir irrigation area was constructed with water conveyance capacity, water volume and time of canal as constraints．Grid method was used to build operating environment of path planning, and ant colony algorithm was improved through optimization of moving probability and self-adaptive adjustment of pheromone volatilization coefficient．Through improved ant colony algorithm, planning results of reservoir irrigation area with minimum water shortage, water transmission loss and grey water footprint were obtained．Experiment proved that this method could effectively plan water resources of canal system in irrigation area of Daqiao Reservoir, and planned canal system in irrigation area had a good performance in water shortage, water transmission loss and grey water footprint, with high efficiency and strong applicability．

To address large variability in size of main peanut varieties grown in Henan Province, which leads to a large variability in seed discharging qualification rate and poor adaptability in the same seed discharger, it is necessary to investigate filling characteristics and optimal speed of seed discharging in internal seed filling type seed discharger for different varieties of peanut seeds．Using Yuhua 37, Yuhua 65 and Yuhua 9326 as experimental research objects, triaxial dimensions of seeds were measured, and differences and distributions of their main parameters such as mean diameter, coefficient of variation and sphericity were calculated and analyzed．The EDEM software was used to simulate filling characteristics of different varieties of peanut seeds during discharging process of internal seed filling and discharging device．Test results showed that Yuhua 37 and Yuhua 65 had the highest double seed rate and the best filling performance at seed rower speed of 25 r/min, with double seed rate reaching 83.89% and 89.56%, respectively; Yuhua 9326 had the highest double seed rate and the best filling performance at seed rower speed of 15 r/min, with double seed rate of 81.99%．Validation tests were conducted on peanut seeds of Yuhua 37, Yuhua 65 and Yuhua 9326 under the best rower speed conditions, and results showed that double grain rate of rower seeds were 82.17%, 84.31% and 89.75%, respectively, with a maximum error of 0.42% from simulation results．Using simulation tests on different varieties of peanut seeds under different rotational speed conditions, the best rotational speed parameters were determined, and the maximum error between them under the same conditions was 0.42% by conducting verification tests on the best parameters and comparing them with simulation test results, indicating that simulation tests could be used for design and optimization of seed rower parameters to improve its research and development and research progress and reduce processing and manufacturing costs．Meanwhile, different speed adjustments should be made for different varieties of peanut seeds to improve quality of seeding．

A self-propelled traditional Chinese medicine picking machine was designed to address issue of requiring a large amount of manual picking during harvesting of self-propelled type traditional Chinese medicine．The machine was mainly composed of important components such as harvesting and picking blades, feeders, depth-limiting wheels, multi-stage conveying chains, multi-stage conveying hydraulic assemblies, driving positions, containers, crawler walking assemblies, and racks．Static analysis was carried out on harvesting blade to determine design parameters．After many tests on prototype machine, loss rate of equipment was less than 5%, and damage rate was less than 5%．Test results showed that the test indicators of machine met design requirements, and could meet picking and harvesting operation requirements of Chinese medicinal materials such as Sophora flavescens, Codonopsis pilosula, Scutellaria baicalensis, Astragalus membranaceus, and Salvia miltiorrhiza．

At present, straw returning machines used in the Chinese market use a high-speed rotating combination of moving and stationary blades to crush straw．However, due to different moisture content of straw in different plots, a single crushing method cannot control length of crushed straw．Longer straw cannot be covered by soil during subsequent plowing, crushing, and mixing operations, resulting in more exposed straw that is less prone to decay, seriously affecting next round of sowing operations．A straw fine crushing double row fixed blade returning machine has been studied and designed, which improved its adaptability to straw by combining front and rear double row fixed blades with straw fine crushing blade rollers．

Straw baling machine is an important equipment for straw harvesting, and research on relevant technology patents is beneficial to accurately determine direction of product development．Based on PatSnap platform（Wisdom sprout global patent database）, patent analysis methods and standardized data analysis methods were used to screen and sort out patent information related to straw mechanization baling technology．From total number of applications and trends, distribution of countries/regions, technical layout, development trend and research hotspots of straw mechanized baling technology were analyzed to avoid repeated research, in order to provide objective, scientific and effective information theory support for development of straw baling machine in China．

With continuous development of agricultural machinery technology towards mid to high-end level, higher requirements have been put forward for quality of agricultural machinery talent cultivation．Reform and effectiveness of agricultural machinery hydraulic system maintenance course was systematically elaborated, unifying dependence on practical teaching and making up for shortcomings in process of talent cultivation in agricultural machinery industry．This research highlighted concept of students-centered and "dynamic" blending learning, targeted by reconstruction of learning content and systematization of work processes．Thereby it could enhance students' comprehensive qualities and execution abilities in professional knowledge, technical skills, professional ethics, etc．required for agricultural machinery related positions．Certain result was obtained after analysis of research results on course effectiveness by third-party and feedback on employee satisfaction of enterprises．It also could promote cultivation of high-end agricultural machinery professionals．It has a referential significance for construction of professional curriculum of agricultural machinery in line with national conditions．

Rapid development of China's food industry has put forward higher requirements for food professionals, thereby promoting deepening reform of engineering education system in food industry．Current situation at home and abroad in cultivation of practical abilities for advanced engineering talents, as well as problems in cultivating practical abilities for advanced engineering talents in China, were summarized．Taking practical education reform of food major in Shenyang Agricultural University as an example, construction mode and practical process of food school and enterprise collaborative practical education model under excellent system was introduced, including improving platform for school enterprise cooperation, establishing a database of excellent system research projects, involving enterprise personnel in excellent system practical teaching and management, building a dual teacher and dual ability teaching team, creating a platform for showcasing practical education achievements, and improving supervision system for practical teaching links．This system has improved level of practical education, assisted in advancement of industrial technology, and upgraded ability to cultivate educational resources and talents in all fields．Construction concept has been promoted in multiple universities and has produced very good application results, which has guiding significance for reform of engineering practice education．

Postgraduate education compound high-quality talent training project is a development strategy that conforms to accelerated implementation of strategy of strengthening country by talents and deepening of university system innovation．Its significance lies in improving quality of postgraduate training and enhancing adaptability, flexibility and innovation of postgraduates．Facing development trend of reform, innovation and reform of postgraduate teaching and training work mode in colleges and universities across the country, practice of agricultural engineering postgraduate education and teaching in Shanxi Agricultural University also needs to be reformed and innovated．Agricultural engineering postgraduates are high-level compound talents who make full use of unique disciplinary advantages of discipline and cultivate combination of theoretical knowledge mastery and professional practical work ability．

Low temperature stress, including cold stress and freezing stress, which is one of the main factors causing crop yield reduction．It is of great significance to study low temperature response pathway regulated by transcription factor CBF for revealing molecular response of plants to low temperature stress．Research progress of plant cold resistance gene and ICE-CBF-COR signal pathway was reviewed from plant cold resistance gene, signal pathway, hormone and histone regulation and other aspects．Results showed that ICE-CBF-COR was central pathway for interaction of different transcription factors, regulatory factors, proteins, physiological factors and other manipulation factors to enhance cold stress．At the same time, it was also found that ICE-CBF-COR signal transduction pathway also played a crucial role in plant growth and development, flowering period regulation, fresh storage, genetic breeding and other related research, and prospect of future research and development was prospected．It is expected to provide reference and theoretical support for research of plant cold resistance genes, and also provide theoretical guidance for plant growth and development, flowering period regulation, fresh storage, genetic breeding．

In order to reduce application of chemical fertilizer and improve utilization efficiency of chemical fertilizer in Hebei Province, fertilization behavior of 400 farmers in Heilonggang Area, a typical grain production area in Hebei Province, was investigated, so as to study their willingness to save fertilizer and influencing factors．The Logistic binary regression model was used to analyze impact of 15 indicators, including farmers' personal characteristics, production characteristics, cognitive characteristics of chemical fertilizer and environmental characteristics, on farmers' willingness to save fertilizer．Results showed that education level, comparison between fertilization amount and instruction manual, receiving training, understanding fertilizer demand of wheat and corn, and increasing government subsidies had a positive impact on farmers' willingness to save fertilizer．The rise of wheat and corn prices has a negative impact on farmers' willingness to save fertilizer．Finally, suggestions for development were put forward from strengthening construction of grassroots agricultural technology promotion organizations, establishing a complete system of vocational education for farmers, establishing a complete system of vocational education for farmers, strengthening training on fertilization techniques for farmers, improving government's subsidy system for fertilizer conservation for farmers, and increasing crackdown on counterfeit and inferior fertilizers．

A study was conducted on level and spatial pattern of agricultural modernization development at various municipal levels in Shandong Province．By establishing an evaluation index system for level of regional agricultural modernization development in Shandong Province, a multi indicator comprehensive analysis method was used for relevant analysis to calculate evaluation values of regional agricultural modernization development in Shandong Province in 2013 and 2019, and a spatial exploratory study was conducted on them．Results indicated that overall level of regional agricultural modernization development in Shandong Province was showing an upward trend, but regional evaluation values showed gradient differences．There were differences in level of agricultural modernization development among different cities．From geographical distribution of cities, the western and southern regions had a high level of development, while the eastern and northern regions had a low level of development．Level of agricultural modernization development gradually decreased from west to east．Suggestions were proposed to further optimize agricultural industrial structure and increase level of agricultural technology investment in response to constraints on development of regional agricultural modernization in Shandong Province, which had certain significance for further enhancing overall level of regional agriculture in Shandong Province．

Prickly ash industry is a characteristic and supporting industry for economic development of Famen Town, Fufeng County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province．It has a broad market prospect and is also an effective economic support for Baoji City to realize strategy of rural revitalization．Planting and tourism development of mountain prickly ash in Famen Town was studied, based on investigation and research on local mountainous terrain and climatic conditions, planting situation of prickly ash, optimization of planting management of prickly ash, development of tourism in Fufeng County, and development of special tourist agricultural products of prickly ash．It could provide a theoretical reference for planting and tourism development of mountain prickly ash．

Present situation and existing problems of agricultural products industry development in Shaanxi Province, and influencing factors restricting development of agricultural products in Shaanxi Province, were expounded．Aiming at problems and influencing factors, some countermeasures for improving high-quality development of agricultural products in Shaanxi Province were put forward under background of "the Belt and Road" initiative．