Abstract: In view of poor product quality and serious energy loss of current biomass pyrolysis equipment, methods such as multi-stage air distribution and gas reflux reforming were used to propose a process route for biochar syngas coupling reforming．Furnace body, compaction mechanism and multi-stage air distributing stirring and discharging mechanism were designed, and vertical moving bed biomass pyrolysis equipment was developed．Pyrolysis test was carried out with peanut shells as raw materials．Results showed that raw material processing capacity was 1312 kg/h, biochar yield was 27.8%, calorific value of pyrolysis gas was 6.3 MJ/m³, tar conversion rate was 71.3%, and all performance indicators reached design requirements．