Abstract: Based on number of agricultural employed population in Shandong Province from 2008 to 2019, factors affecting agricultural employed population in Shandong Province were analyzed by OLS multiple linear regression using Stata software． Three variables of chemical fertilizer, effective farming area and farmers' actual disposable income had the most significant impact on number of agricultural labor force in Shandong Province． Expanding effective farming area had a positive impact on attracting agricultural labor force in Shandong Province, while limiting use of chemical fertilizer and increase of farmers' actual disposable income had a negative impact on growth of agricultural labor force in Shandong Province． Therefore, degree of mechanization and quality of agricultural employment in Shandong Province should be improved． Spatial distribution of agriculture and implement new urbanization strategy should be optimized． System of benefiting and strengthening agriculture should be improved, and practical and effective measures to provide security for agricultural employees should be implemented to promote construction of agricultural modernization in Shandong Province．