Abstract: Change in nutrient composition in soil is related to quality of agricultural production．Nutrient information such as water, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is the key to soil fertility．Therefore, obtaining farmland soil composition information is of great significance to farmland management．Traditional soil testing methods are cumbersome, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient, making it difficult to meet needs of modern agricultural development．With continuous development and maturity of remote sensing technology, agricultural drones based on low-altitude scales and satellite platforms based on high-altitude scales have made up for vacancies and deficiencies of ground monitoring scales．The field of lossless, real-time acquisition shows great potential．Characteristics of multi-spectral technology were introduced, general steps of remote sensing multi-spectral imaging technology to detect soil components were summarized, focusing on research progress of multi-spectral technology in detection of soil organic matter, moisture, salinity, etc．Main methods involved in soil composition were finally considered and prospected in analysis of soil composition by agricultural remote sensing multi-spectral imaging．