Abstract: Soil-contact machinery and equipment are susceptible to soil adhesion problems when working with soil media, especially in confined space construction operation device, which is typically represented by rotary drilling rigs, whose operation is characterized by large water content of media, complex composition and high pressure, resulting in particularly serious adhesion of soil media to tools．Mechanism of soil adhesion and factors affecting soil adhesion of soil-contact mechanical equipment operating machines was introduced．Research progress of anti-adhesion and desorption technology of soil-contact machinery and equipment at home and abroad was elaborated, and an outlook on research of anti-adhesion and desorption technology of soil-contact machinery and equipment was given．