Abstract: Foodborne pathogens are an important cause of foodborne diseases, and early screening technology can not meet requirements of rapid and accurate detection of foodborne pathogens．Aptamer is widely used because of their advantages such as small size, easy modification, high affinity and heat stability．Researchers have developed many detection methods for foodborne pathogens by using aptamer sensor for rapid screening of foodborne pathogens．Common detection methods of foodborne pathogens were introduced, screening procedures of aptamer were summarized, application of aptamer sensors in detection of foodborne pathogens were listed, and its development trend in response to rapid and efficient detection requirements of samples were analyzed, in order to provide more ideas for improvement of detection methods of foodborne pathogens．