Abstract: Cultivation and management techniques of Morchella esculenta was explored, with a focus on analyzing their biological characteristics, ecological needs, and main risk issues faced in cultivation．Environmental changes, climate risks, pest and disease management issues, as well as limitations of technology and innovation in cultivation of Morchella esculenta were analyzed．Optimization strategies for environmental control, soil optimization, and pest and disease management have been proposed, and development trend of high and stable yield cultivation management techniques of Morchella esculenta has been forecasted, aiming to improve yield and quality of of Morchella esculenta while ensuring sustainability of cultivation．