Abstract: Anhui Province is one of major oilseed rape producing provinces in China．Affected by various factors, planting area of Anhui Province has continued to decline in recent years, and level of mechanization has developed slowly．In order to promote development of oilseed rape industry and recovery of oilseed rape area growth, adaptive conditions and advantages and disadvantages of mechanized tillage, planting, plant protection, harvesting, straw return and drying of oilseed rape, were analyzed, which could provide reference for mechanized production mode selection of oilseed rape in Anhui Province．