Abstract: Aiming at problems of high reseeding rate and leakage rate and poor seed discharge performance current spoon chain potato planter, key components of poon chain potato planter were designed．Main structure and working principle of seed dispenser were described, and parameter ranges of main factors affecting seed dispensing performance were determined through theoretical analysis and structural design of key components in seed dispensing process and combined with single-factor simulation test．Through three-factor and three-level quadratic orthogonal regression rotary combination test, optimal working parameter combination was sought, and speed of seed discharging chain, tilting angle of seed box bottom plate and tilting angle of seed discharger were taken as test factors, and test data were analyzed to obtain regression model and relationship between influence of factors on test indexes．Multi-objective optimization was carried out on test results．Results showed that, when speed of seed discharging chain was 0.3 m/s, tilt angle of seed discharger was 8°, and inclination angle of seed box bottom plate was 49.83°, qualification rate of seed discharger was 92.01%, leakage rate was 6.01%, and reseeding rate was 1.98%．A seed dispenser with optimized parameters was produced and bench tests was conducted on it．Qualified rate of seeding was 90.26%, leakage rate was 6.22%, and reseeding rate was 3.52%, which verified reliability of simulation optimization results．Results indicated that spoon chain potato planter could help to improve efficiency and quality of potato sowing operations．