中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司 主管

北京卓众出版有限公司 主办

贵州省茶树生长季气候生产潜力特征分析

Climate potential productivity characteristics analysis of tea plants during growth season in Guizhou Province

    摘要
  • 摘要: 分析气候变化背景下贵州省茶树气候资源和气候生产潜力的变化特征，对提高贵州省茶树气候资源利用率及茶产业生态资源经济价值和适应气候变化具有重要意义。基于贵州省83个国家气象台站1961—2020年常规气象要素和1978—2020年茶叶经济数据，采用逐级订正法、气候学统计和空间分析等方法，估算茶树气候资源和气候生产潜力，分析气候资源贡献率和资源利用率。结果表明，贵州省茶树生长季内光合生产潜力、光温生产潜力和气候生产潜力多年平均值分别为52.3、43.7和39.1 t/hm2，随时间变化均呈递减趋势，气候倾向率分别为−0.79、−0.37和−0.31 t/（hm2·10a），空间分布上光合生产潜力表现为自西南向东北递减，光温生产潜力和气候生产潜力表现为由北向南递增变化趋势。因温度和降水限制，茶树气候生产潜力平均损失率分别为16.2%和10.2%；太阳辐射、热量和降水对气候生产潜力贡献率分别为45.9%、32.5%和21.6%；1978—2020年贵州省茶树气候资源利用率呈递增趋势，多年平均利用率0.91%。茶树生长季内气候生产潜力递减，气候资源利用率较低，分析茶树生长季气候生产潜力变化特征，有益于提升气候资源利用率和应对气候变化。

     

    Abstract: To increase utilization of climate resources of tea plants and ecological resources economic value of tea industry in Guizhou Province and to adapt to climate change, it is of great significance to analyze change characteristics of tea plants climate resources and climate potential productivity in Guizhou Province in context of climate change．Based on conventional meteorological elements from 1961 to 2020 from 83 national meteorological stations and tea economic data from 1978 to 2020 in Guizhou Province, climate resources and climate potential productivity of tea plants were estimated, and contribution rate and utilization rate of climate resources were analyzed by using methods of step-by-step correction, climatological statistics, and spatial analysis．Results showed that multi-year average values of photosynthetic potential productivity, light-temperature potential productivity, and climate potential productivity during tea plants growing season were 52.3、43.7 and 39.1 t/hm2, respectively．The above indexes showed a decreasing trend with time, and climate tendency rates were −0.79、−0.37 and −0.31 t/（hm2·10a）, respectively．In the spatial distribution, photosynthetic potential productivity decreased from southwest to northeast, while light-temperature potential productivity and climate potential productivity increased from north to south．Average loss rate of climate potential productivity due to temperature and precipitation limitation was 16.2% and 10.2%, contribution rate of solar radiation, heat, and precipitation to climate potential productivity was 45.9%, 32.5%, and 21.6%．From 1978 to 2020, utilization rate of climate resources for tea plants in Guizhou Province showed an increasing trend, with a multi-year average utilization rate of 0.91%．Climate potential productivity during growth season of tea plants was decreasing, and utilization rate of climate resources was low．Analyzing change characteristics of climate potential productivity during growth season of tea plants is beneficial to improve utilization rate of climate resources and adapt to climate change．

     

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