Abstract: Composting technology can convert organic waste into organic fertilizer, which is an important method to turn waste into treasure in sustainable development of agriculture．Through composting, organic nitrogen in organic waste that is not easy to be used, was converted into inorganic nitrogen forms, which was available for plants．Moreover, nitrogen loss in gaseous form can be reduced by directional control of nitrogen cycle in composting, so that more nitrogen can be fixed, and nitrogen content and quality of composting products can be improved．Factors affecting nitrogen cycle during composting were reviewed, and strategies to reduce nitrogen loss were discussed to a provide reference for composting quality improvement and pollution control research．