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产抗菌脂肽菌株B5对马铃薯黑痣病病原菌抑制及促生效果

Inhibitory and growth-promoting effects of antimicrobial lipopeptides-producing strain B5 on of potato black scurf pathogen

    摘要
  • 摘要: 利用贝莱斯芽孢杆菌（菌株B5）探究对马铃薯黑痣病具有抑制效果的菌株，探明拮抗菌的抑菌特征和促生效果，为马铃薯黑痣病生防菌的开发利用奠定基础。通过盆栽试验测定促生效果，试验共设计病土（CK处理）和病土+菌株B5发酵液（T1处理）2个处理。在马铃薯全生育阶段开展动态监测，测定马铃薯植株在不同时期农艺性状指标、根际土壤速效钾、碱解氮、速效磷含量，对菌株B5进行次生代谢产物预测和基因功能注释，通过LC-MS技术对菌株B5产生脂肽类抗生素进行定性分析。研究表明，菌株B5代谢产物可以直接抑制黑痣病病原菌的生长，导致立枯丝核菌菌丝出现褶皱和凹陷；菌株B5基因组中包含 12 个次生代谢产物合成基因簇；菌株B5能够分泌表面活性素与伊枯草菌素两种脂肽类抗生素。马铃薯生长期间，T1处理速效钾含量始终明显高于CK处理，苗期、块茎形成期和淀粉形成期分别达到205.33、124.22和292.33 mg/kg；T1处理碱解氮含量在淀粉形成期仅101.77 mg/kg，比CK处理降低49.38%；T1处理速效磷含量差异最显著在淀粉形成期，速效磷含量159.61 mg/kg。结果表明，菌株B5可分泌抗菌脂肽破坏病原菌菌丝体结构，抑制其生长，同时提高根系土壤养分，促进植株生长。

     

    Abstract: Bacillus velezensis（strain B5）was used to explore strains effective in inhibiting potato black scurf, elucidate antibacterial characteristics and growth-promoting effects of antagonistic bacterium bacteria, and lay a foundation for development and utilization of biocontrol bacteria against potato black scurf．Growth-promoting effect was determined through pot experiments．Two treatments were designed: infected soil（CK treatment）and infected soil+strain B5 fermentation broth（T1 treatment）．Dynamic monitoring was conducted throughout potato entire growth period, measuring potato plants' agronomic traits and contents of available potassium, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil at different stages．Secondary metabolites prediction and gene functional annotation were performed for strain B5．Qualitative analysis of lipopeptide antibiotics produced by strain B5 was conducted using LC-MS technology．Research showed that metabolites produced by strain B5 directly inhibit black scurf pathogen growth, causing wrinkles and depressions in Rhizoctonia solani hyphae．Genome of strain B5 contained 12 secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters．Strain B5 secreted two lipopeptide antibiotics, Surfactin and Iturin．Throughout entire potato growth period, T1 treatment consistently exhibited significantly higher available potassium content than that CK treatment, reaching 205.33, 124.22, and 292.33 mg/kg during seedling stage, tuber formation stage, and starch formation stage, respectively．Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content in T1 treatment was only 101.77 mg/kg during starch formation stage, representing a 49.38% reduction compared to CK treatment．Available phosphorus content in T1 treatment showed the most significant difference during starch accumulation stage, with 159.61 mg/kg．Results indicated that strain B5 could secrete antimicrobial lipopeptides to destroy hyphal structure of pathogen and inhibit its growth．Simultaneously, it enhanced nutrient content in rhizosphere soil and promotes plant growth．

     

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