Abstract: Anyang City, as an important agricultural production base and cotton producing area in Henan Province, its agricultural resource utilization level directly affects regional sustainable development．Based on data from Henan Provincial Statistics Bureau, Anyang Municipal Statistics Bureau, and relevant planning documents, SWOT analysis andanalytic hierarchy process（AHP）were used to systematically evaluate cultivated land status, water resources, and crop waste utilization in Anyang City．Results showed that in 2023, cultivated land area in Anyang City reached 388200 hm²（an increase of 6500 hm² compared to 2020）, with grain crops planting area at 560900 hm², total grain output at 3.845 million tons, and average yield at 6855 kg/hm²．Agricultural water consumption reached 943 million cubic meters, with an effective irrigation water utilization coefficient of 0.656 and per capita water resource capacity at 227 m³．Annual crop waste production reached about 4.2 million tons, with a comprehensive utilization rate of crop straw at 90.5% and a utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure at 81.2%．Primary problems were declining cultivated land quality, water resource shortage, and backward waste utilization technology, leading to low resource conversion efficiency．In response to these problems, efficient transformation paths were proposed．First, cultivated land quality improvement projects would be implemented, promoting organic fertilizer application and soil improvement technology with a target of increasing in organic matter content by 12%．Second, water-saving irrigation technologies would be adopted．Third, a waste resource utilization system would be build．Through policy guidance and technological innovation, resource utilization rate are projected to increase by 18% to 25% by 2035．Research findings provide theoretical support and practical guidance for sustainable agricultural development of Anyang City．