Abstract: Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a series of policies and measures have been introduced to continuously promote agricultural mechanization development in hilly and mountainous areas．In key areas of hilly and mountainous regions, a transition has begun from "no suitable machinery available" to "having good machinery to use"．However, from development needs' perspective, level of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas lags far behind that of plain areas, remaining a weak area for agricultural mechanization．Agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas is still a major challenge in China's agricultural mechanization process, due to poor operating conditions and limited support for applicable machinery．"National Agricultural Mechanization Development Plan for the 14th Five-Year Plan Period" clearly proposed that by 2025, comprehensive mechanization rate for ploughing, planting and harvesting in hilly and mountainous counties（cities and districts）should reach 55%．To achieve a leap in both quantity and quality of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas, it is necessary to strongly support scientific and technological innovation, application and promotion of agricultural machinery equipment in hilly and mountainous areas．A development model combining mechanization and intelligentization, large-scale intensive production, and coordinated integration of agricultural machinery, agronomy and farmland should be adopted．Systematic support policies for agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas should be improved．Transformation, upgrading, and high-quality and efficient development should be advanced to ensure national food security and comprehensively promoting rural revitalization．