中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司 主管

北京卓众出版有限公司 主办

芝麻收获机双层振动风筛式清选装置设计与试验

Design and experiment of double-layer vibrating wind screen cleaning device for sesame harvester

  • 摘要: 针对现有芝麻联合收获机清选装置适应性差、籽粒含杂率和损失率高等问题,设计一种专用于芝麻收获机的双层振动风筛式清选装置,主要由动力风机、上下振动筛、传动系统和籽粒收集箱等构成。基于对不同品种芝麻脱出物的物料特性测定,确定上筛采用孔径5 mm冲孔筛、下筛采用孔径3.5 mm编织筛的振动筛配套方案,选用贯流式风机并优化叶轮参数和减振措施。通过Fluent-EDEM气固仿真耦合技术对清选流场压力分布、气流速度和物料运动轨迹进行分析,验证装置结构合理性。采用二次回归正交试验,探究振幅、振频和筛面倾斜角对含杂率和损失率的影响规律,并建立回归模型。方差分析确定清选装置最佳工作参数为振幅5 mm、振频10 Hz、筛面倾斜角7.9°。最优参数组合下评价指标分别为含杂率2.62%和损失率1.02%。该研究可为芝麻联合收获机清选装置设计和优化提供参考。

     

    Abstract: To address problems of poor adaptability, high impurity rates, and high seed loss rate in existing sesame combined harvester cleaning device, a double-layer vibrating wind screen cleaning device specifically designed for sesame was developed.It mainly composed of a power fan, upper and lower vibrating screens, a transmission system, and a seed collection box.Based on determination of material characteristics of different sesame varieties, a screening configuration was determined adopting a 5 mm perforated screen for upper screen and a 3.5 mm woven screen for lower screen adopts.A cross-flow fan was selected, its impeller parameters and vibration reduction measures were optimized.Fluent-EDEM gas-solid simulation coupling technology was used to analyze pressure distribution, air flow velocity, and material movement trajectory within cleaning flow field, thereby verifying device structural rationality.Using a quadratic regression orthogonal test, influence of amplitude, vibration frequency, and screen surface inclination angle on impurity content and loss rate was explored, and a regression model was established.Variance analysis determined optimal working parameters for cleaning device to be an amplitude of 5 mm, a vibration frequency of 10 Hz, and a screen surface inclination angle of 7.9°.Evaluation indicators under optimal parameter combination were 2.62% impurity content and 1.02% loss rate.A reference for design and optimization of cleaning devices in sesame combined harvesters was provided.

     

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