Abstract: To understand relationship between yield and main agronomic traits in different pepper varieties in northern Guizhou Province, a comprehensively analysis was conducted on 10 agronomic traits across 28 pepper varieties．Results showed that above 10 agronomic traits had different degrees of variation, with significant variation observed in traits such as number of fruits per plant and dry weight per fruit．Effects of 10 agronomic traits on pepper yield, ranked from largest to lowest was: dry weight per plant（0.8761）> number of fruits per plant（−0.7982）> plant height（0.5929）> first flowering node（−0.4175）> plant spread（−0.4161）> main stem diameter（−0.1206）> effective branching（−0.0602）> fresh sample weight（−0.0273）> main stem height（0.0072）．Principal component analysis was used to obtain four main components affecting dried pepper yield, and contribution rate was as high as 85.046%, with plant type having the highest contribution rate．Finally, cluster analysis method was used to divide 28 pepper varieties into four types at genetic distance threshold of 10．After above analysis, it is concluded that three varieties of orthodox pepper 666, CTHP1603 and single Chaotian pepper belong to three varieties with excellent yield traits．