Abstract: China's agricultural product processing industry overall scale ranks among the world's leading, and it has played an important role in increasing farmers' incomes and ensuring food security．However, agricultural product processing industry still suffers from structural contradiction of being "large but not strong"．Against backdrop of profound adjustments in global economic landscape and new normal of domestic economic development, shortcomings persist in areas such as industrial structure, technological innovation, brand building, and market competitiveness, and presenting severe challenges to transformation and upgrading．By systematically reviewing agricultural product processing industry current development status, an in-depth analysis of main restrictive factors has been conducted, along with an assessment of opportunities and challenges facing sector during 15th Five-Year Plan period．This effort aims to clarify strategic direction and realization pathways for promoting industry's transformation toward high-end, digital and intelligent, green, and integrated development．thereby providing decision-making references for policy formulation and driving a critical shift of agricultural product processing industry from scale expansion toward quality improvement．