中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司 主管

北京卓众出版有限公司 主办

基于遥感监测的唐山市双桥镇矿区生态环境修复评价

Remote sensing-based assessment of ecological and environmental restoration in mining area of Shuangqiao Town of Tangshan City

  • 摘要: 为推动废弃矿山治理技术研发、实现对矿山治理成效的科学评价,以唐山市开平区双桥镇矿区为例,采用工程整治与长效养护相结合的矿山综合治理技术开展生态环境修复。基于2019—2024年高分卫星遥感数据,计算归一化植被指数(NDVI),结合无人机遥测数据,对治理前后典型矿区植被覆盖与生态环境修复情况进行整体评价。结果表明,无人机遥测影像对比显示,矿区裸露采场地表覆盖情况极大改善,植被覆盖度显著提升;重点修复区域遥感真彩影像对比显示,区域裸地面积缩减87%,2020年后植被修复面积以修复点为中心向外扩散;矿区内6个代表区域的NDVI值均呈逐年显著上升趋势,其中小梁山1号和2号区域治理前后差异最大,NDVI值提升近2倍,其他地区NDVI值提升约1倍;在评价结果方面,矿区代表性区域植被修复成效评级以优为主。综合治理修复技术的应用具有显著成效,并取得较好生态效益。

     

    Abstract: To advance abandoned mine restoration technologies development and enable a scientific assessment of mine remediation effectiveness, taken mining area in Shuangqiao Town, Kaiping District, Tangshan City as a case study.An integrated mine remediation approach combining engineering interventions with long-term maintenance was employed to carry out ecological and environmental restoration.High-resolution satellite remote sensing data from 2019 to 2024 were utilized to calculate normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI).Complemented by UAV remote sensing data, a comprehensive assessment was conducted of vegetation coverage and ecological restoration in typical mining areas before and after remediation.Results demonstrated that UAV remote sensing imagery comparisons showed substantia improvements in surface coverage at exposed mining sites within the mining area, with significant improvement in vegetation coverage.Comparisons of true-color remote sensing imagery from key remediation areas revealed that reduction in bare ground area reached 87%, and that after 2020, restored vegetation areas expanded outward from the restoration sites.All six representative areas exhibited a significant annual increase in NDVI values.Among them, Xiaoliangshan areas 1 and 2 showed the greatest difference before and after remediation, with NDVI values nearly doubling, while NDVI values in other areas approximately doubled.In terms of assessment results, vegetation restoration effectiveness rating for representative ateas were predominantly "excellent".A comprehensive analysis indicated that integrated remediation technologies application has yielded significant results and achieved favorable ecological benefits.

     

/

返回文章
返回