Abstract: Conservation tillage is an important measure to improve soil aggregate structure, enhance soil fertility, and promote sustainable crop production．Taking Rizhao City, Shandong Province as an example, effects and benefits of straw mulching and conservation tillage on crop yields were investigated in response to planting practice of annual crops for winter wheat and summer corn．By integrating and optimizing key mechanized technologies for main production processes in wheat and corn double-cropping in one year, soil fertility and wheat crop yield parameters were compared between conservation tillage and traditional tillage under straw mulching conditions．Results indicated that comprehensive utilization technology combining straw mulching with conservation tillage not only promoted high crop yields, but also improved soil quality and ecological environment．It was demonstrated that a suitable local mechanized conservation tillage operation technologies could achieve significant ecological and economic benefits, and a sustainable development model for conservation tillage mechanization was established, providing effective reference for agricultural engineering technicians．