Abstract: With ongoing agriculture green transformation and dual-carbon strategy, high-value utilization of crop straw has become a key focus in agricultural waste resource．Focusing on straw enzymatic hydrolysis, matriculation and agricultural application pathways, a systematic review of technological mechanisms and process systems for straw enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted．Composition characteristics and functional properties of enzymatic hydrolysates were summarized, with emphasis on evaluating practical progress in typical application areas such as seedling cultivation, soil conditioning, and bioactivity．Results indicated that enzymatically treated by a composite enzyme system, straw efficiently released active components such as soluble sugars, organic acids, and humus precursors, significantly enhancing substrates' nutrient supply capacity, moisture retention ability, and bioactivity．When blended with coconut coir, vermiculite, and peat, more than 60% peat substitution could be achieved, and excellent seedling rate and root promotion improvement effects were demonstrated in vegetable seedling cultivation and fruit and vegetable cultivation．Matrixed products could also be extended to controlled-release fertilizer carriers, biopolymer materials, and soil remediation systems, offering material-functional-ecological synergistic benefits．Key bottlenecks related to enzyme preparation costs, product standards, energy consumption control, and technology promotion were further analyzed．Future development should focus on integrating enzymatic catalysis with membrane separation, establishing combined systems of highly active microbial enzymes, developing regionally adapted databases, and exploring integration pathways with smart agricultural systems, to accelerate industrial-scale application of straw matriculation technology and agricultural waste resources transformation．