Abstract: As climate change issues becoming increasingly severe, low-carbon agricultural development has emerged as a crucial global topic．Taking Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region（abbr．Xinjiang）as research subject, spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of agricultural carbon emissions and carbon sink effects across 14 prefectures（cities）in Xinjiang from 2008 to 2022 were analyzed．Low-carbon agricultural production efficiency was evaluated using both super-efficiency SBM model and DEA-Malmquist model．Agricultural carbon emissions and carbon sink were calculated using IPCC-recommended coefficient methods to determine agricultural net carbon sink capacity．Static analysis of low-carbon agricultural production efficiency was conducted using super-efficiency SBM model, while DEA-Malmquist model was used for dynamic efficiency analysis．Results revealed that Xinjiang's agricultural net carbon sink remained consistently positive throughout study period, with significant regional disparities: northern Xinjiang demonstrating generally higher values than southern Xinjiang．Low-carbon agricultural production efficiency exhibited fluctuating upward trends, with eastern Xinjiang achieving the highest efficiency and southern Xinjiang the lowest, while regional disparities maintained significant gaps．Technological progress significantly enhanced total factor productivity, particularly through technological innovation and resource allocation optimization in partial regions．Data support and theoretical foundation for promoting low-carbon agricultural transformation in Xinjiang were provided, while also serve as references for formulating targeted regional policies for low-carbon agricultural development．