Abstract: With advancement of agricultural intelligent transformation, autonomous driving of agricultural machinery has become key to solving issues such as labor shortage．In recent years, countries and regions such as the United States, Japan, and Europe have established leading edge in agricultural machinery autonomous driving industry through various measures．These include leading technological innovation through host enterprises, strengthening supporting infrastructure through government-enterprise collaboration, adapting to different innovation scenarios, and enhancing collaboration between technology and standards．With support of policies, China's agricultural machinery autonomous driving industry has developed rapidly, with market scale continuously expanding and application scenarios constantly expanding．However, it still faces challenges such as core technology bottlenecks, imperfect standards and regulations, insufficient experimental verification, and inadequate infrastructure．Current situation of technology and industry at home and abroad, gap between domestic and foreign were analyzed．Development suggestions to strengthen technological research and development, improve standards and regulations, and enhance verification and infrastructure construction were proposed．It provided decision-making references for relevant departments to timely grasp development trend of agricultural machinery autonomous driving industry and optimize industrial layout．