Abstract: Large-scale exploitation of coal，oil，and natural gas in Wuding River Basin has brought a great security risks to the water resources in the basin.Water quality monitoring data from Yulin city in 2013—2016 was analyzed.Results showed that：comprehensive pollution index of surface water in Wuding River Basin was between 0.292 to 0.55，due to influence of human activities along the river，in 2013—2016，with exception of Miaopan，the TP of other monitoring sections have exceeded the standards.As，Hg，Cd，and Pb met the standards，in 2013—2015，but pollution began in 2016，and Se began to experience pollution in 2015.Both petroleum and cationic surfactants exceeded the standards in 2013—2016.In order to further improve water quality of Wuding River Basin，it is necessary to comprehensively monitor water pollution in basin and strengthen management.