Abstract: Agriculture，as basic industry of national economy，plays an important role in development of national economy.Application of modern information technology in field of agriculture could not only improve efficiency and quality of agricultural production，but also help promote development of agricultural modernization in China.Concept and composition of GIS，application of GIS in fields of agricultural environment detection，agricultural resources management and hydropower engineering，and future development prospects of GIS were introduced.It was of great significance to promote application and development of GIS information technology in field of agricultural resources and environment.