Abstract: Rural roads and their facilities make a significant impact on the level of mechanization and modernization in agricultural production.This paper provides a comprehensive review on the rural roads involving the network，design and its effects on the ecological landscape.Planning and design of rural road should be closely integrated with the industrialization of agriculture.Beside the connectivity，its layout should lead to moderate concentration of rural settlements as well as reduce the separation and interference of farmland patches.The design of pavement and subgrade should be adapted to local conditions in terms of multiple those like soil，engineering geological and hydrogeological and built with local materials.There is a coupling and mutual feed from passingobstructing effect among lots of villagescale cells，whose accumulation can build up the interference scenarios on the landscape under the large regional scale unit.So，aiming at improving the level of agricultural mechanization，the research on construction of rural roads，especially in hilly area，will be strengthened by the optimization of the network structure，raising standards of the engineering design and the improvement of the ecological landscape.