加纳农业机械化发展潜力及制约因素(摘选)
Potential and Constraints of Agricultural Mechanisation in Ghana-A Review(Extracts)
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摘要: 作为政府职能的一部分实现联合国千年计划,即到2015年消除饥饿和极度贫困,为了实现经济可持续增长就需要现代化的农业。就这个问题而言,基于食品安全的必要性,在撒哈拉以南的非洲地区和加纳,发展的重点正逐步转向农业机械化。如果没有行之有效的农业机械化,加纳的食品和农业部门将无法达到预期的经济影响。该文旨在归纳农业机械化的制约因素,提出适合加纳的有效的机械化途径。主要制约机械化的因素包括缺乏熟练的农机操作人员,农场规模小,不适当的政府政策和农机成本高。在认识到机械化对于国家农业发展中的巨大作用后,就需要制定适合的土地所有制政策框架,鼓励联合经营和定制雇佣机械,向农民传授有关投资知识,鼓励标准服务投入。Abstract: As part of government’s effort to meet the UN Millennium Development goal of eradicating hunger and extreme poverty by the year 2015,there has been the need to modernise agriculture in order to achieve sustainable economic growth. In Sub-Saharan Africa and Ghana for that matter,the focus gradually is being shifted to mechanised agriculture which is necessary if food security in our part of the world is to be achieved. Without effective mechanisation,Ghana’s food and agricultural sector will not make the expected economic impact.The purpose of this study is to review constraints to agricultural mechanisation and suggest possible ways to help in the adoption of effective mechanisation schemes in Ghana.The major constraints to mechanisation are lack of skilled labour to operate such machinery,small farm sizes,unfavourable government policies and high cost of farm machinery.After realizing the enormous importance of mechanisation to the country’s agricultural growth,the way forward will be the framing of suitable policies such as land tenure,encouraging cooperative management and custom hiring of machinery,imparting training to the farmers regarding such investment and encouraging standard service inputs.
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Keywords:
- Agriculture /
- Mechanisation /
- Machinery /
- Food security /
- Government policies
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