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控释氮肥施用方式及用量对玉米干物质积累及子粒产量的影响

Effects of Methods and Rates of Controlled Release Urea on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Maize

  • 摘要: 在大田条件下以不施氮为对照,采用随机区组设计了5个施氮水平,研究了控释氮肥施用方式及用量对玉米干物质积累、叶面积指数及子粒产量的影响。结果表明:施氮量在0~150 kg/hm2范围内,玉米干物质量、叶面积指数均表现为随施氮量的增加而增加,施用控释尿素处理玉米的干物质量、叶面积指数大口期前低于常规尿素处理,花后却显著高于常规尿素处理。该试验条件下,上述指标和施氮量均呈正相关关系。研究还表明,施氮量在0~150 kg/hm2范围内,玉米子粒产量随施氮量的增加而显著增加,增幅为5.0%~21.4%。施氮量为75 kg/hm2时,控释尿素底施、侧施比常规尿素分别提高6.7%和3.4%;施氮量增至150 kg/hm2时,控释尿素底施、侧施比常规尿素分别提高8.8%和1.9%。与常规尿素相比,控释尿素能更好地协调玉米的地上部生长,具有明显的“前控后保”效果,利于获得高产,而底施则可以显著提高这种效果。

     

    Abstract: No nitrogen as control,five nitrogen rates were designed to investigate the effects of methods and rates of controlled release urea(CRU)application on the dry matter accumulation and yield of maize in a randomized design.The results showed that the dry matter accumulation and leaf area index were getting more increase with increasing of N application rate,compared with normal urea,CRU has obvious superiority.It could increase them before male tetrad stage,while decrease them after anthesis in the range of 0~150 kg/hm2.In the experiment,the targets went up along with the increasing of N application rate.The results also indicated the grain yield of maize was getting more increase with increasing of N application rate in the range of 0~150 kg/hm2,and it was increased by 5.0%~21.4%.Compared with the normal urea,the 75 kg/hm2 treatment of the grain yield was improved by 6.7%,3.4% under bottom application and side dressing between the rows of CRU and the 150 kg/hm2 treatment of the grain yield was improved by 8.8%,1.9%,respectively.In conclusion,using CRU can coordinate the growth of shoot to get higher grain yield,and increase of bottom application is benefit to improve the effects of CRU on grain yield.

     

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