Abstract: Importance of cotton harvester was introduced.Present development situation of cotton harvester industry at domestic and foreign was analyzed emphatically.Domestic gap and problems were pointed out.Development direction of domestic cotton harvester was put forward.Suggestions about optimizing the key parts and components manufacturing technology，machine and equipment quality inspection，etc.were gived.It should self-develop cotton harvester key core components such as picking cotton finger and series products that were suitable for our country，met the demand of Xinjiang construction corps，inland cotton region in Xinjiang，huanghuaihai cotton production areas，the Yangtze river cotton production areas.It would realize cotton harvester large-scale standardized production，gradually replace imported machine.