Abstract: Rural road was an important part of development of agricultural economy and an important direction of rural infrastructure investment.What’s more，it was an important way to support the development of agriculture.It was of great theoretical and practical significance to improve scientific decision-making of rural road maintenance project.Standard system of rural highway maintenance project decision was proposed from the economic criteria，engineering standards，risk criteria and other aspects，and TOPSIS method was applied to the decision-making of rural highway maintenance project.Finally，protection mechanism of rural highway maintenance was put forward from establishing accountability mechanism of rural highway maintenance decision，establishing consultation mechanism of rural highway maintenance decision and establishing scientific management mechanism of rural highway maintenance.