Abstract: Inner Mongolia，especially districts along Yellow River basin，has a fragile ecological environment while mineral resources are abundant，especially coal.Reinforce of infrastructure construction，such as electric power，highway，railway，and exploit of mineral resources like coal，water and soil loss made by human has damaged ecological environment to a more fragile level，which leads to a heavy work to institute of soil and water conservation. According to distribution of regional production and construction projects and new requirements of state for supervision and management of soil and water conservation of production and construction projects in recent years，from aspects of institution establishment，system construction，supervision measures，propaganda means，soil and water conservation informatization，etc.New characteristics of soil and water conservation supervision for regional production and construction projects in recent years were investigated and summarized.Existing problems were analyzed and discussed，and countermeasures and suggestions were put forward.