Abstract: Food is basis for human survival and development.Food security has now been incorporated into national strategy.Under new situation of world trade frictions unceasingly increase，ensuring national food security is a long-term and arduous task.Present situation and existing problems of grain production in China and some countermeasures against problems of grain quantity and quality were put forward.Countermeasures such as strengthen protection of cultivated land and environmental governance，establish a tracking system for grain processing supervision，deepen reform of grain research institutes，build a coordinated，complementary and efficient system of coordinated innovation in grain science and technology，and continuously promote adjustment of grain varieties and regional structures were proposed to steadily increase our ability to ensure food security.