Abstract: A river health assessment system consisting of river bank characteristics，river bank vegetation，river hydrological characteristics，watershed morphological characteristics，social and economical and evaluation indicators was constructed to reasonably evaluate health status of the Shikui River Basin.The weight of each index was calculated by using analytic hierarchy process to build a reasonable evaluation model and comprehensive evaluation.Results showed that the EI of Shikui River Basin was 3.75 in the basic state of health.Main problems and suggestions were put forward，which provided some reference for river planning，management and rational development and utilization of water resources of Shikui River.