Abstract: Farmland water conservancy project is an important infrastructure to ensure agricultural production.There are problems such as irregular operation，lax management and unclear responsibility distribution.Based on sustainable development of farmland water conservancy project，its operation and management mechanism were discussed.By clarifying management constitution of farmland water conservancy project，establishing fund guarantee mechanism of water conservancy project management，establishing self-management mechanism of farmers and implementation of supervision and management mechanism，theoretical support was provided for sustainable development of farmland water conservancy project.