Abstract: Chemical fertilizer is one of nutrition sources needed for plant growth，and it is important material basis for agricultural production.Application of chemical fertilizer is an important condition for obtaining high yield of crops.By investigating amount of fertilizer applied to main crops and distribution of fertilizer resources in various crops in Fuyang city，current variety structure of fertilizer resources was obtained，current situation and existing problems of fertilizer application in Fuyang were analyzed，and corresponding countermeasures to improve utilization rate of fertilizer were put forward.It is of great significance to promote sustainable development of agriculture，protect existing land resources，improve output and quality of agricultural products，and improve market competitiveness of agricultural products in Fuyang city.