Abstract: Based on field investigation of Xinjiang Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture，Shawan county and Aksu prefecture of Tacheng district，practice and exploration of Xinjiang rural collective property rights system reform were expounded from five aspects：stage，operation process，equity dividend method，reform path and reform effect.Combined with different practices of rural collective property rights system reform in southern and Northern Xinjiang，three equity dividend modes，namely asset dividend，asset expansion and asset protection，and three paths of self-development，government guidance and mixed development，were analyzed and concluded.Problems that need to be solved were found out.Countermeasures were put forward to provide valuable experience for reform of rural collective property rights system in northwest minority areas.