Abstract: As an important agricultural product and industrial raw material，sweet potato has been widely used in food processing and industrial production.Because of its strong ability to adapt to climate，low requirements for planting conditions and stable and high yield characteristics，sweet potato has been widely planted in China.However，due to large loss of rural labor population in recent years，planting and harvesting of sweet potato has brought a huge impact.In addition，development of sweet potato transplanting and harvesting machinery in China is not very mature，and production process with low degree of automation is time-consuming and labor-consuming.Therefore，market demand for high-quality and efficient sweet potato production machinery is very urgent.On the basis of studying key technologies of sweet potato planting and harvesting machinery at home and abroad，current situation，existing problems and future development direction of sweet potato planting and harvesting machinery were analyzed in combination with China′s national conditions.