Abstract: With development of rural economy，pollution of rivers around rural areas also occurs.In order to purify black and odorous water around rural areas，feasibility of water purification by immobilized compound microbial inoculant（ICMI）was studied.Results showed that selected strains were immobilized with steam exploded corn straw powder，which had better water purification ability.At the same time，the steam-exploded corn straw powder was used as an additional carbon source to enhance removal of ammonia nitrogen.Under the condition of 1∶50，the ICMI could be reused for more than 3 times（15 days）.For black and odorous water，the removal ratios of chemical oxygen demand，ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus could reach 90.85%，92.64% and 90.23%.